Eucommia bark/leaf extract improves HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders via targeting gut microbiota to activate the Fiaf-LPL gut-liver axis and SCFAs-GPR43 gut-fat axis

Wang, Zhineng; Sun, Yin; Han, Yewen; Chen, Xuefeng; Gong, Pin; Zhai, Pengtao; Yao, Wenbo; Ba, Qian; Wang, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154652

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In our study, the increased TP and ALB levels in this experiment suggest that ELE can significantly change the body’s protein metabolic efficiency and immunity. Studies have demonstrated that dietary ELE supplementation can regulate serum lipid metabolism and, in detail, inhibit the synthesis of TAG and CHOL in serum and liver, thus reducing lipid accumulation [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. In this study, the concentrations of TAG and TC in the serum of the ELE group were significantly reduced, and the concentration of HDL was increased, suggesting that the lipid metabolism of dietary ELE was improved considerably.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism of Finishing Pigs

Han,

Yin,

Gong

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) on meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism in finishing pigs. A total of 240 “Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire” crossbred pigs with an initial weight of 74.70 ± 0.77 kg were randomly assigned to two groups: control group and 0.2% ELE group, with each group containing 10 replicates of 12 pigs per pen (half barrows and half gilts). The data showed dietary 0.2% ELE supplementation did not affect growth performance but tended to reduce the backfat thickness of the finishing pigs (p = 0.07). ELE diets increased pH value (p < 0.05) and meat color score (p = 0.01) and decreased 45 min L* value (p < 0.05), 24 h L* value (p = 0.01), pressurization loss (p = 0.01), and 24 h drip loss (p < 0.05) in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, accompanied by an increased (p < 0.05) proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (p = 0.06) and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio (p = 0.05) compared to controls. In addition, ELE supplementation increased inosine monophosphate (IMP) (p = 0.01), sweet amino acids (AAs) (p < 0.05), and total free AA content (p = 0.05) in LD. Meanwhile, increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase (p < 0.01) in both serum and LD muscle and decreased malondialdehyde content (p < 0.01) in LD muscle were detected with ELE treatment. Moreover, pigs fed ELE had a higher total protein (p < 0.01), albumin (p < 0.05), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05) and a lower total cholesterol (p < 0.01) and triacylglycerols (p = 0.06) in serum. Consistently, significant effects of dietary ELE were observed on the relative mRNA expression of lipid metabolism in the backfat and the LD muscle, respectively. ELE attenuated lipogenic processes in backfat, decreasing the relative expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and upregulating the relative expression of adipose triacyl glyceride lipase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1B, and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (p < 0.05). ELE also decreased the relative expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (p < 0.05), fatty acid translocase (p < 0.05), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1B (p < 0.01), and adipose triacyl glyceride lipase (p < 0.05) in LD muscle (p < 0.05). More specifically, lipogenesis appeared to be inhibited in both LD muscle and backfat, with the difference being that lipolysis was enhanced in backfat and inhibited in LD muscle. In conclusion, dietary ELE supplementation can potentially enhance carcass traits, sensory quality, and nutritional value of pork without negatively affecting intramuscular fat content. The underlying mechanism for these positive effects may be linked to the alterations in lipid metabolism and increased antioxidant capacity induced by ELE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism of Finishing Pigs

Han,

Yin,

Gong

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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“…Eucommia, isolated from the dry roots of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., is a Chinese medicine and food homolog that has antiosteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Recent studies have indicated that Eucommia leaves have similar active ingredients and antihyperlipidemic effects as Eucommia bark and can modulate the gut microbiota to alleviate lipid metabolism disorders ( Wang et al., 2023a ; Wang et al., 2023b ). Eucommia leaf extract supplementation increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae to promote the production of butyric acid, which upregulated the expression of GPR43 to reduce the area of adipocytes and lipid accumulation.…”

Section: Plant Natural Products Ameliorate Mafld By Regulating the Gu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota

Cai,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of MAFLD, there are no officially approved drugs for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safe and effective anti-MAFLD drugs. Recently, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MAFLD has been widely recognized, and treating MAFLD by regulating the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic strategy. Natural products, especially plant natural products, have attracted much attention in the treatment of MAFLD due to their multiple targets and pathways and few side effects. Moreover, the structure and function of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exposure to plant natural products. However, the effects of plant natural products on MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Based on the above information and to address the potential therapeutic role of plant natural products in MAFLD, we systematically summarize the effects and mechanisms of action of plant natural products in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota. This narrative review provides feasible ideas for further exploration of safer and more effective natural drugs for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD.

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“…The main pharmaceutical ingredients of Eucommia granules (EG) include Eucommia and Eucommia leaves, which have the effects of calming the fetus and tonifying the liver and kidney. Both Eucommia and Eucommia leaves have pharmacological effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, and can be also used to treat secondary hypertension 9 , 10 . By modulating biological processes, they regulate hypertension development, including inhibition of inflammation, reduction of oxidative stress levels and regulation of endothelial vasoactive factors 11 , 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eucommia granules activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and improve oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial injury in preeclampsia rats

Huang,

Xing,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Acta Cir. Bras.

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Purpose: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related complication. Eucommia is effective in the treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, but the specific effects and possible mechanisms of Eucommia granules (EG) in PE remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of EG in PE rats. Methods: Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): the control group, the model group, the low-dose group, the medium-dose group, and the high-dose group of EG. The PE model was established by subcutaneous injection of levonitroarginine methyl ester. Saline was given to the blank and model groups, and the Eucommia granules were given by gavage to the remaining groups. Blood pressure and urinary protein were detected. The body length and weight of the pups and the weight of the placenta were recorded. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), placental growth factor (PIGF), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFIt-1) were measured in the placenta. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related protein expression was detected using Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, the PE rats treated with EG had lower blood pressure and urinary protein. The length and weight of the pups and placental weight were increased. Inflammation and necrosis in the placental tissue was improved. SOD level increased, MDA content and sFIt-1/PIGF ratio decreased, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related protein expression level increased. Moreover, the results of EG on PE rats increased with higher doses of EG. Conclusions: EG may activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular endothelial injury in PE rats, thereby improving the perinatal prognosis of preeclamptic rats. EG may inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular endothelial injury through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in preeclampsia rats, thereby improving perinatal outcomes in PE rats.

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Eucommia bark/leaf extract improves HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders via targeting gut microbiota to activate the Fiaf-LPL gut-liver axis and SCFAs-GPR43 gut-fat axis

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

Effects of Dietary Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism of Finishing Pigs

Effects of Dietary Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism of Finishing Pigs

Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota

Eucommia granules activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and improve oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial injury in preeclampsia rats

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