Eugenol Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Hippocampal Cholinergic, Glutamatergic, and Mitochondrial Toxicity in Experimental Rats

Garabadu, Debapriya; Sharma, Mahima

doi:10.1007/s12640-019-0008-6

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…learning-memory ability through olfactory pathway [14] . This research is parallel to another study which has shown that eugenol can manage to decrease spatial memory loss in mice that induced by scopolamine [15] . This process of learning and storing memory is highly related to hippocampus in the brain [16] .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Previous studies examined the Y maze test to mice that induced by scopolamine-eugenol elaboration [15] . Scopolamine can impair hippocampal-dependent memory and it is acknowledged to evaluate the anti-amnesic activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty one mice were divided into 3 groups each consisting 7 mice (n=7). Group I was administered with eugenol (TCI, Japan) 30 mg/kg bw [15,20] (Eug30), group II was administered with eugenol 100 mg/kg bw [20] (Eug100), and group III was administered by distilled water as control. Mice were acclimatized for 7 days before subjected to the treatment and mice were fed ad libitum and housed on a 12/12-h light cycle.…”

Section: Animal Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Eugenol on Memory Performance, Neurogenesis, and Dendritic Complexity of Neurons in Mice Analyzed by Behavioral Tests and Golgi Staining of Brain Tissue

Akbar¹,

Juliandi²,

Boediono

et al. 2021

JSRM

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Eugenol on Memory Performance, Neurogenesis, and Dendritic Complexity of Neurons in Mice Analyzed by Behavioral Tests and Golgi Staining of Brain Tissue

Akbar¹,

Juliandi²,

Boediono

et al. 2021

JSRM

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“…#### p < 0.0001 vs control mice; *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.001 vs scopolamine-treated mice. et al ( 2019), Garabadu and Sharma (2019), Hernández-Rodríguez et al (2020), and show that muscarinic activity induced by scopolamine in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex is crucial for spatial and fear memory retrieval (Falsafi et al, 2012;Rashid and Ahmed, 2019). In this study, we used scopolamine-treated mice to explore the effect of PA on learning FIGURE 6 | Effect of PA on synaptic protein expression levels in scopolamine-treated mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Combination of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma Alleviates Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Treated Mice by Regulating Synaptic-Related Proteins

Ning

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (ZhiHeShouWu, PMRP) and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ShiChangPu, ATR) and their traditional combination (PA) are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat Alzheimer disease (AD) based on the theory that PMRP tonifies the kidney and ATR dissipates phlegm. However, the components of PA and their mechanisms of action are not known. The present study analyzed the active components of PA, and investigated the protective effect of PA against cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine in mice along with the underlying mechanism.The aqueous extract of PA was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC)-MS in order to identify the major components. To evaluate the protective effect of PA against cognitive dysfunction, mice were orally administered PA, PMRP, or ATR for 30 days before treatment with scopolamine. Learning and memory were assessed in mice with the Morris water maze test; neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus were analyzed by HPLC-MS; and the expression of synapse-related proteins in the hippocampus was detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Eight active compounds in PA and rat plasma were identified by HPLC-MS and GC-MS. Plasma concentrations of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside, emodin, α-asarone, and asarylaldehyde were increased following PA administration; meanwhile, gallic acid, emodin-8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, β-asarone, and cis-methyl isoeugenol concentrations were similar in rats treated with PA, PMRP, and ATR. In scopolamine-treated mice, PA increased the concentrations of neurotransmitters in the hippocampus, activated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway, and increased the expression of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK) and postsynaptic density (PSD)95 proteins. Thus, PA alleviates cognitive deficits by enhancing synaptic-related proteins, suggesting that it has therapeutic potential for the treatment of aging-related diseases such as AD.

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“…Eugenol is reported to be an anti-stress agent 11 and dampened the activity of neurons and attenuated the epileptic-like activity in cortical slices. 12 Experimental data on rodents suggest that eugenol is protective against neurotoxicity induced by aluminum, 13 , 14 scopolamine, 15 acrylamide, 16 chlorpyrifos 17 as well as 6-hydroxydopamine. 18 It is also proved to be protective against ischemia-induced brain toxicity in gerbils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic effects of eugenol in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study

Barot

Saxena

2021

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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Background and aim Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in death or long term functional disabilities. Eugenol is demonstrated to be beneficial in a range of experimental models of neurological disorders via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of eugenol in a weight-drop induced rat model of TBI. Experimental procedure Rats were assigned into five groups; control and TBI groups pretreated with vehicle, and three TBI groups pretreated with different doses of eugenol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o. , seven consecutive days). Except for the control, all other groups were subjected to TBI using Marmarou’s weight-drop method. 24 h after TBI, locomotor functions and short term memory were evaluated. Lastly animals were scarified and the estimation of lipid peroxidation in brain tissue, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, brain water content (brain edema) and histopathology of the brain tissue were performed. Results Weight-drop induced TBI caused functional disabilities in the rats as indicated by impairment in locomotor activities and short term memory. The TBI also resulted in augmented neuronal cell death designated by chromatolysis. The results also showed disruption in the BBB integrity, increased edema, and lipid peroxidation in the brain of the rats exposed to trauma. Pretreatment with eugenol (100 mg/kg) ameliorated histopathological, neurochemical, and behavioral consequences of trauma. Conclusion For the first time this study revealed that eugenol can be considered as a potential candidate for managing the functional disabilities associated with TBI because of its antioxidant activities.

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Eugenol Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Hippocampal Cholinergic, Glutamatergic, and Mitochondrial Toxicity in Experimental Rats

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Eugenol on Memory Performance, Neurogenesis, and Dendritic Complexity of Neurons in Mice Analyzed by Behavioral Tests and Golgi Staining of Brain Tissue

Effects of Eugenol on Memory Performance, Neurogenesis, and Dendritic Complexity of Neurons in Mice Analyzed by Behavioral Tests and Golgi Staining of Brain Tissue

Combination of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma Alleviates Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Treated Mice by Regulating Synaptic-Related Proteins

Therapeutic effects of eugenol in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study

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