Euphemism and truth

Burkhardt, Armin

doi:10.1515/9783110230215.355

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The word euphemism derives from the Greek word eupheme , which is the act of using language to effect a good omen (in contrast to blaspheme ; Burkhardt, 2010). When Portuguese sailors were forced to navigate The Cape of Storms, they renamed the rocky headland The Cape of Good Hope ; when ancient Romans conquered the city of Maleventum (which means bad result), they changed the city’s name to Beneventum (now called Benevento; Griffin, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than speaking of economic recessions, politicians speak of minus growth ; rather than speaking of military attacks, they speak of missions (Burkhardt, 2010); rather than bribes, they speak of soft commissions (Rittenberg, Gladney, & Stephenson, 2016). Such Orwellian double-speak lives not only in the lexicons of politicians, but also the everyman.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such Orwellian double-speak lives not only in the lexicons of politicians, but also the everyman. If we cannot afford to buy a new car, we buy a pre-owned car rather than a used car; if we cannot afford to fly first class, we fly coach rather than second class (Burkhardt, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Special needs” is an ineffective euphemism

et al. 2016

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Although euphemisms are intended to put a more positive spin on the words they replace, some euphemisms are ineffective. Our study examined the effectiveness of a popular euphemism for persons with disabilities, special needs. Most style guides prescribe against using the euphemism special needs and recommend instead using the non-euphemized term disability; disability advocates argue adamantly against the euphemism special needs, which they find offensive. In contrast, many parents of children with disabilities prefer to use special needs rather than disability. But no empirical study has examined whether special needs is more or less positive than the term it replaces. Therefore, we gathered a sample of adult participants from the general population (N = 530) and created a set of vignettes that allowed us to measure how positively children, college students, and middle-age adults are viewed when they are described as having special needs, having a disability, having a certain disability (e.g., is blind, has Down syndrome), or with no label at all. We predicted and observed that persons are viewed more negatively when described as having special needs than when described as having a disability or having a certain disability, indicating that special needs is an ineffective euphemism. Even for members of the general population who have a personal connection to disability (e.g., as parents of children with disabilities), the euphemism special needs is no more effective than the non-euphemized term disability. We also collected free associations to the terms special needs and disability and found that special needs is associated with more negativity; special needs conjures up more associations with developmental disabilities (such as intellectual disability) whereas disability is associated with a more inclusive set of disabilities; and special needs evokes more unanswered questions. These findings recommend against using the euphemism special needs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Special needs” is an ineffective euphemism

et al. 2016

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“…Образование феминитивов почти всегда ограничивается добавлением или изменением суффикса: Sehr geehrte Studenten + (Studentinnen), однако при добавлении суффикса в отдельных примерах гласная в корне получаетумлаут -Kochen-Köchin. По такой же аналогии Kollegen und Kolleginnen, Besucher und Besucherinnen (Burkhardt, 2010).…”

Section: Political Correctness: Back Then and Nowunclassified

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2020

IAL

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“…As a ubiquitously distributed molecule, melatonin was first identified in edible plants by 24 . Since then, melatonin has been found in many plants and in different parts of plants -roots of Lupinus albus 25 , seeds of sunflower, mustard and walnuts 26 , fruit of tomato 27 , skin of grapes 28 and rind of tart cherries 29 and it has been reported to be in extremely high levels in several medical herbs including feverfew and St. John's wort 30 . Table 1 lists the melatonin content in various plants and plant-based foods.…”

Section: Fig 5: Chemical Synthesis Of Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2011

IJPSR

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Melatonin, a pineal hormone is known to regulate rhythmic behavior of mammals. Its ubiquitous presence, established recently has brought into focus several health-promoting benefits of this molecule. However, till date, melatonin has been less utilized from its nutraceutical and functional point of view. This paper reviews the chemistry, chemical synthesis, metabolism of melatonin; its sources including its bioavailability from the same, its role in mammals and in plants and the analytical techniques for quantitative analysis of the same. The nutraceutical potential of melatonin and its functional properties have been elaborated. Melatonin's function as a direct free radical scavenger endows it the potency to act as strong antioxidants-a property which needs to be further researched upon to establish its efficacy in food applications.

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Euphemism and truth

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

“Special needs” is an ineffective euphemism

“Special needs” is an ineffective euphemism

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