Euphorbia esula L. (Euphorbiaceae) I

Farnsworth, Norman R.; Wagner, Hildebert; Hörhammer, L.; Hörhammer, Hanns-Peter; Fong, Harry H. S.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600570604

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…agreed with n-nonacosane, yet it was subjected to GLC and MS analyses. The recent-investigation (FARNSWORTH et al, 1968) of some n-alkanes (isolated from plants and reported as single components e.g. n-nonacosane, n-hentriacontane .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OFTHYMELEA HIRSUTA

Am¹,

Fm²,

Si³

1974

Planta Med

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1. The unsaponifiable matter of the lipids o f Thymelea hirsuta was investigated and the following substances were separated: a) Hydrocarbon fraction, proved by GLC and MS analyses to be a mixture o f n-C2,, n-Cze, n-Cze, n-CJo and n-C3,. Separation of the individual n-alkanes was achieved by preparative GLC. 6 ) T w o alcohol fractions, proved by GLC and MS to be mixtures of octacosanol, hexacosanol, tetracosanol and docosanol. One of the two fractions corresponds to that previously reported as an unidentified aliphatic alcohol. c) A sterol, m.p. 136-137' C, identified by GLC and MS to be nzainly /3-sitosterol (94%), with small amount of campesterol(6%). 2. Stigmasterol, reported by previous other authors, to occur in Thymelea hirsuta was not detected. Its absence was proved by IR, GLC and MS. 3 . The study of the fatty acids by GLC revealed the presence of myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and archidic acids.The phytochemical investigation of Thymelea hirsuta (L.) ENDL., growing in Egypt, had been first reported by SALEH et al. (1963) andGHARBO et al. (1970) revealing the isolation of a new constituent named "thymelol" and two other unidentified substances, in addition to (3-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Later RIZK and RIMPLER (1972) proved that the substance "thymelol" is a mixture of daphnoretin (dicoumarin) and b-sitosterol-0-D-glucoside.The present work deals with re-investigation of the lipid constituents to report o n the unidentified substances of GHARBO et al. (1970). Moreover, the report of the latter authors about the separation of (3-sitosterol and stigmasterol from the plant is also revised.Part I see RIZK and RIMPLER (1972).Downloaded by: Universite Laval. Copyrighted material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OFTHYMELEA HIRSUTA

Am¹,

Fm²,

Si³

1974

Planta Med

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“…A majority of these investigations have focused on the chemical character of the plant latex relative to taxonomy (5^) or mammalian toxicity (7^8^)· Toxic ingenane diterpenes (phorbols) have also been obtained from the latex of E_» esula (9-11). Other chemical investigations of the aerial portions of leafy spurge have led to the characterization of hydrocarbons (12), long-chain alcohols (13,14), long-chain aldehydes (14), triterpenes (12,15), flavonoids (16), and the description of an unidentified alkaloid (12). None of the chemical studies examined the chemical composition of leafy spurge in relation to allelopathy.…”

Section: Plant-plant Interactions (Leafy Spurge)mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of Phytochemistry in Attacking the Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Problem

Manners

1987

ACS Symposium Series

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Individual chemical constituents isolated and char acterized from the noxious weed Euphorbia esula were assessed biologically and/or chemotaxonomically in relation to the allelopathy of E. esula, the allelopathy of Antennaria microphylla to E. esula, and the insect biological control of E. esula. Kaemferol 3-glucuronide and 1-hexacosanol obtained from aqueous extracts of E. esula are considered important allelochemicals in this weed. Biological assays, utilizing E. esula test systems, support hydroquinone and arbutin (obtained from extractives of A. microphylla) as major participants in the allelopathy of A. microphylla to E. esula. The distribution of triterpenes ( α, β-amyrin and δ -amyrenone) and unique jatrophane diterpenes charac terized in E. esula leaf and root extracts have strong potential for the chemotaxonomic differenti ation of E. esula varieties relative to insect biological control of this weed. Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) is a dicotyledonous, herbaceous, deeprooted, perennial noxious weed infesting more than four million acres of open rangeland in the upper great plains of the United States and the prairies of Canada. This lateciferous plant is toxic to live stock ( 1_), allelopathic to desirable forage plants (2^) and poses a serious threat to livestock production on open rangelands.While leafy spurge can be controlled by herbicides (3) or vigorous cultivation, the cost of control is continuous since current chemical means do not eradicate this weed. More than 20 million dollars a year is spent for the control of this plant, and its agroeconomic impact is greater than 12 million dollars per year in the state of North Dakota alone (4). Recent research efforts on the leafy spurge problem have concentrated on increased herbicide effi ciency and the successful application of insect biological control methods. This paper summarizes the results of phytochemical examinations of plant-plant and plant-insect interactions involving leafy spurgeThis chapter not subject to U.S.

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“…E uphorbia esula L. (Euphorbiaceae), a famous Chinese herbal medicine, is used as a diuretic and to remove edema. It is widely distributed in China and commonly used to treat cancer, warts, and swelling. − Previous phytochemical studies of E. esula L. have led to the identification of numerous diterpenoids belonging to the jatrophane, − lathyrane, and ingenane classes . Some of these compounds show diverse biological properties, including antiproliferative, multidrug-resistance-modulating, antimicrobial, and antichikungunya virus activities. − As a continuation of research on new and bioactive diterpenoids from Chinese herbs, − a systematic investigation of E. esula L. resulted in the identification of 18 new jatrophane diterpenoids, euphoesulatins A–R ( 1 – 18 ), and three known diterpenoids ( 19 – 21 ).…”

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Jatrophane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia esula as Inhibitors of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis

et al. 2020

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Eighteen new jatrophane diterpenoids, euphoesulatins A–R (1–18), and three known diterpenoids (19–21) were isolated from Euphorbia esula. Compounds 1–7, 14, and 18 represent a rare type of jatrophane-type diterpenoid containing a nicotinoyloxy group. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray crystallography. The compounds were assayed for their antiosteoporotic activity in a bone-marrow-derived macrophage cell line, and compounds 1, 8, and 10 significantly inhibited the formation of osteoclasts, with IC50 values of 1.2, 3.5, and 2.3 μM, respectively. These three compounds also dose-dependently reduced the activity of nuclear factor activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1. This study reveals the antiosteoporotic effects of jatrophane diterpenoids for the first time.

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Euphorbia esula L. (Euphorbiaceae) I

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OFTHYMELEA HIRSUTA

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OFTHYMELEA HIRSUTA

The Role of Phytochemistry in Attacking the Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Problem

Jatrophane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia esula as Inhibitors of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis

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