European Carbon Uptake has Not Benefited From Vegetation Greening

Liu, Xuebang; He, Bin; Guo, Lanlan; Huang, Ling; Yuan, Wenping; Chen, Xiuzhi; Hao, Xiuli; Xie, Xiaoming; Zhang, Yafeng; Zhong, Ziqian; Li, Tiewei; Chen, Aifang

doi:10.1029/2021gl094870

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Climate scenarios and our observations present an enhancement of the water deficit and heatwaves over the past few decades in Eastern Europe [37,38]. In particular, frequent heatwaves, evidenced by marked decreases in the ESI, co-occur with high temperatures and low SWC, amplifying the negative impacts of a VPD on vegetation growth and ET by pushing atmospheric dryness up to the peak [8,39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Vegetation and Evapotranspiration Responses to Increased Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit across the Global Forest

Wen,

Qin,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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A forest is vulnerable to drought and plays important roles in the regulation of carbon and water cycling in a terrestrial ecosystem. Atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) has been identified as an increasingly major factor in plant functioning and has been established as a main contributor to recent drought-induced plant mortality, independent of other drivers associated with climate change. However, most previous studies have focused on the effects of climate warming and CO2 enrichment on vegetation growth, without considering the effects of an increased VPD on vegetation growth and evapotranspiration (ET) in forest ecosystems. This could lead to a large uncertainty in estimating the variability in forest carbon sinks. Based on the long-term satellite data, we investigated the response of the leaf area index (LAI) and ET to the VPD via a partial correlation analysis in this study. We also examined the temporal variability in the partial coefficients within a ten-year moving window. The results showed that over 50% of the region displayed a negative partial correlation between the LAI, ET, and VPD, and those pixels were mainly concentrated in North America and the plains of Eastern Europe. Regions with a negative trend of partial correlation in both the LAI and ET are mostly located in the plains of Eastern Europe and the Siberian Plain of western Russia, while the positive trend is mainly in South America. The plains of Eastern Europe are becoming drier, which was proved by the interannual trend of the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and soil water content (SWC). Additionally, the LAI and ET in those areas exhibited a significant positive correlation with the SWC based on the moving window average. This study suggests that the role of the VPD on vegetation will become increasingly prominent in the context of future climate change for the forest ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Vegetation and Evapotranspiration Responses to Increased Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit across the Global Forest

Wen,

Qin,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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“…In contrast, climate scenarios and our observations showed increased water deficits and heatwaves over the past few decades in Eastern Europe (Seneviratne et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2021). In particular, frequent heatwaves associated with high temperatures and low SWC exacerbate the negative impacts of VPD on vegetation growth and ET by pushing atmospheric dryness to its peak (Wang et al, 2020;Fu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Regulation of NDVI and ET negative responses to increased atmospheric vapor pressure deficit by water availability in global drylands

Wen

Jiang

Qin³

et al. 2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD, indicative of atmospheric water conditions) has been identified as a major driver of global vegetation dynamics. Drylands, including deserts, temperate grasslands, savannas, and dry forests, are more sensitive to water conditions and affect carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles. However, our knowledge is limited on the way increasing VPD affects vegetation growth and evapotranspiration (ET) in global drylands. In this study, we used long-term satellite datasets combined with multiple statistical analyses to examine the relationship between the satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a proxy for vegetation growth, and ET to VPD across global drylands. We found that significant decreases in NDVI and ET predominantly influenced the NDVI (RVPD − NDVI) and ET (RVPD − ET) responses to VPD in both the savannas and dry forests of South American, African, and Australian savannas and dry forests, as well as in temperate grasslands (e.g., Eurasian steppes and American prairies). Notably, more than 60% of global drylands exhibited significantly negative RVPD − NDVI and RVPD − ET values. In contrast, the percentage of significantly negative RVPD − NDVI and RVPD − ET decreased to <10% in cold drylands (>60° N). In predominantly warm drylands (60° N~60° S), negative VPD effects were significantly and positively regulated by soil water availability, as determined by multiple linear regression models. However, these significant regulatory effects were not observed in cold drylands. Moving-window analyses further revealed that temporal changes in RVPD − NDVI and RVPD − ET were positively correlated with changes in the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). In warm drylands, areas with increasing RVPD − NDVI and RVPD − ET over time showed an increasing trend in the SPEI, whereas areas with a decreasing SPEI showed a negative trend in RVPD − NDVI and RVPD − ET values over time. Given the increasing atmospheric dryness due to climate change, this study highlighted the importance of re-evaluating the representation of the role of water availability in driving the response of the carbon-water cycle to increased VPD across global drylands.

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“…This can cause strong surface transformation and a reverse trend in soil moisture availability under rapidly increasing surface and soil temperature. Anthropogenic impact on regional vegetation and surface change Global warming and coupled rising CO 2 atmospheric concentrations enhance ecosystem productivity in the high latitudes, increase the decomposition of organic matter in the permafrost region, and shift the climatic limitations of arable land towards the north (Liu et al, 2021). These feedbacks not only amplify CO 2 and methane release from thawing permafrost (Knoblauch et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2019), but also increase the carbon sink rate due to accelerated vegetation productivity during prolonged growing seasons in the forested zones of Northern Europe.…”

Section: Climate Change and Ecosystem Feedbacks Across Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced trends in spectral greening and climate anomalies across Europe

Kempf

2023

Environ Monit Assess

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Europe witnessed a strong increase in climate variability and enhanced climate-induced extreme events, such as hot drought periods, mega heat waves, and persistent flooding and flash floods. Intensified land degradation, land use, and landcover changes further amplified the pressure on the environmental system functionalities and fuelled climate change feedbacks. On the other hand, global satellite observations detected a positive spectral greening trend—most likely as a response to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming. But which are the engines behind such shifts in surface reflectance patterns, vegetation response to global climate changes, or anomalies in the environmental control mechanisms? This article compares long-term environmental variables (1948–2021) to recent vegetation index data (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), 2001–2021) and presents regional trends in climate variability and vegetation response across Europe. Results show that positive trends in vegetation response, temperature, rainfall, and soil moisture are accompanied by a strong increase in climate anomalies over large parts of Europe. Vegetation dynamics are strongly coupled to increased temperature and enhanced soil moisture during winter and the early growing season in the northern latitudes. Simultaneously, temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture anomalies are strongly increasing. Such a strong amplification in climate variability across Europe further enhances the vulnerability of vegetation cover during extreme events.

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European Carbon Uptake has Not Benefited From Vegetation Greening

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Vegetation and Evapotranspiration Responses to Increased Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit across the Global Forest

Vegetation and Evapotranspiration Responses to Increased Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit across the Global Forest

Regulation of NDVI and ET negative responses to increased atmospheric vapor pressure deficit by water availability in global drylands

Enhanced trends in spectral greening and climate anomalies across Europe

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