European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012)

Explicit inclusion of treatment in prognostic modeling was recommended in observational and randomized settings

“…For example, in the guideline of the European Society of Cardiology, 3 it is mentioned that "at risk levels >10%, drug treatment is more frequently required", although the authors caution that "no threshold is universally applicable". To guide individual treatment decisions, prognostic outcome predictions should ideally reflect the predicted course or outcome risk of disease if a patient were to remain untreated.…”

Early onset hypercholesterolemia induced by the 2nd-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib in patients with chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia

“…Nilotinib has been demonstrated to induce metabolic disturbances, such as hyperglycemia in a substantial proportion of patients, via a mechanism that may involve insulin resistance. 6,17 As high blood cholesterol is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD, 18,19 a clear impact of nilotinib toward lipids has not been published, although dyslipidemia is mentioned as an uncommon side effect by the manufacturer and product instructions advise assessing lipid profile prior to initiating nilotinib therapy and as clinically indicated during treatment. 20 This gap in our knowledge urged us to search for modifications in the plasma lipid profile upon treatment with nilotinib in CML patients without base-line co-medication with lipid-lowering agents.…”

2014 ESC/ESA Guidelines on Non-cardiac Surgery: Cardiovascular Assessment and Management

“…210,211 Even in patients without known CAD, peripheral artery surgery is associated with an increased incidence of perioperative acute myocardial infarction. 212 Peripheral artery disease is thus an established risk factor for non-cardiac surgery and it is reasonable to assess the presence of IHD from the patient's history and routine clinical examinations and tests; however, it is not recommended to routinely perform exercise or imaging test to detect cardiac ischaemia in PAD patients without clinical symptoms, unless the patient has more than two of the clinical risk factors detailed in Table 4.…”

“…211 Blood pressure control and lifestyle measures should be attended to, as recommended in the ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular prevention. 210 It is not recommended that beta-blocker therapy be routinely initiated pre-operatively unless there are other indications, such as heart failure or ischaemic coronary disease (see section 4.1).…”