European Reservoir Hosts of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato

Gern, Lise; Estrada-Peña, Agustı́n; Frandsen, Flemming; Gray, Jeremy; Jaenson, Thomas G. T.; Jongejan, Frans; Kahl, Olaf; Éi, Korenberg; Mehl, Reidar; Nuttall, Patricia A.

doi:10.1016/s0934-8840(98)80121-7

Cited by 235 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In small mammals, maximum seropositivity was observed in Apodemus flavicolis (Melchior, 1834) (20.88%), A. agrarius Pallas, 1771 (19.6%) and less 11.1% in Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780), while the mean value among different species of small mammals was 18.8% (Štefančíková et al 2004). These small mammals have strong evidence of reservoir competence for B. burgdorferi (Gern et al 1998). Mouflon is not a competent reservoir host (Gern et al 1998), but showed 16.6% seropositivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Some epidemiological and epizootiological aspects of Lyme borreliosis in Slovakia with the emphasis on the problems of serological diagnostics

et al. 2008

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The paper analyses the results of serological examinations of domestic, farm and free-living animals from different regions of Slovakia, Southern Moravia, Southern Bohemia and Southern Poland using ELISA, indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and Western blot (WB). In Slovakia, significantly higher seroprevalence was recorded in dogs (33.5%) than in horses (26.5%), cattle (22.5%), sheep (16.6%) and rodents (17.8%) by using a mixture of Borrelia garinii, B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) antigens in ELISA. Seroprevalence in horses was significantly higher than in sheep and rodents, and seroprevalence in cattle was significantly higher than in rodents. By using IHA in free-living species, the highest seropositivity rates were detected in fallow deer (40.7%) compared with moufflons (16.6%), pheasants (8.0%) and pigeons (1.2%). When testing sera of horses, dogs and cattle from Slovakia by using different Slovak B. burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) isolates as antigens in ELISA, significantly higher seroprevalence of anti-Borrelia IgG antibodies and consistency of positive and negative findings was detected in comparison when American isolates were used. In WB analyses using the Eurocarpathian antigens, dog sera from Eastern Slovakia and Southern Moravia showed statistically insignificant differences in sensitivity and consistency of positive and negative findings. By using different methods and antigens in the same group of dog sera, significant differences in seroprevalence were only found in IHA with a mixture of Euroamerican B.b.s.l and WB CB26 B.b.s.s. In addition to other factors, the complexity of the standardization of the assay system with regard to the genetic and geographical heterogeneity of B. burgdorferi s.l. isolates used as antigens is also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These small mammals have strong evidence of reservoir competence for B. burgdorferi (Gern et al 1998). Mouflon is not a competent reservoir host (Gern et al 1998), but showed 16.6% seropositivity. Seroprevalence in mufflons in the Czech Republic was 37.5%, with the highest rate in Bohemia 76.5% (Zeman & Januška 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some epidemiological and epizootiological aspects of Lyme borreliosis in Slovakia with the emphasis on the problems of serological diagnostics

et al. 2008

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“…Birds were shown to be important mobile hosts responsible for the spread of one or more stages of ticks and tick-borne pathogens such as Rickettsia, Borrelia, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia (ANDERSON et al, 1896;PARKER et al, 1933;HOOGSTRAAL, 1961;1963;SOMOV;SOLDATOV, 1964apud HUBÁLEK 2004OLSEN et al, 1993;GERN et al, 1998;HUMAIR et al, 1998;ALEKSEEV et al, 2001;BJÖERSDORFF et al, 2001;DANIELS et al, 2002;SANTOS-SILVA et al, 2006;SMITH et al, 2006;OGDEN et al, 2008;HAMER et al, 2011;GELLER et al, 2013;NORTE et al, 2013;LITERAK et al, 2015).…”

Section: Outside Of Brazil Mainly In Europe and Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) as ectoparasites of Brazilian wild birds and their association with rickettsial diseases

Ogrzewalska

Pintér²

2016

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of a variety of vertebrate hosts and play an important role in the transmission and ecology of infectious pathogens causing diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Sixty-eight species of ticks exist in Brazil, and at least 23 are found parasitizing wild birds. This number is increasing with the advent of new studies highlighting the underestimated role of birds in the life cycle of these arthropods. In South America, many of these ticks are involved in epidemiology of the life-threatening spotted fever diseases caused by bacteria from the genus Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). The aim of this paper is to present up-to-date knowledge about the bird-tick fauna of Brazil and their association with rickettsioses. The available literature concerning ticks on birds and tick-borne diseases related to these ticks in Brazil has been revised. It could be concluded that birds play a primary role in life cycles of various tick species, especially during immature stages (larvae and nymphs). The best known is a bird-tick fauna from the Atlantic Forest and from Brazilian savannah called Cerrado in southern and central Brazil, respectively. On the other hand, the knowledge about bird tick parasitism from other Brazilian biomes such as the Amazon, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampas regions is very scarce and requires further study. Moreover, no studies about the role of birds as mobile hosts for spreading ticks to new areas exist, nor has their role in the natural life cycle of Rickettsia been thoroughly examined.Keywords: Ticks. Ectoparasites. Rickettsia. Disease. Birds. Brazil. ResumoOs carrapatos (Acari: Ixodoidea) são ectoparasitas obrigatórias de uma variedade de hospedeiros vertebrados e têm um papel importante na ecologia e transmissão de diversos patógenos causadores de doenças em humanos e animais no mundo todo. No Brasil existem 68 espécies de carrapatos e pelo menos 23 espécies são encontradas parasitando aves silvestres. Esse número tem crescido com o advento de novos estudos ressaltando o papel das aves nos ciclos de vida desses artrópodes. Na América do Sul alguns desses carrapatos estão envolvidos na epidemiologia de doenças graves para o ser humano, como a febre maculosa, causada por bactérias do gênero Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). O alvo desse artigo é apresentar o estado atual de conhecimento sobre a fauna de carrapatos encontrados em aves no Brasil e as associações estabelecidas com as riquetsioses. A literatura disponível sobre carrapatos em aves e ocorrência de riquétsias foi revisada e pôde ser concluído que aves têm um papel importante nos ciclos de vida de várias espécies de carrapatos, sendo especialmente importantes para os estágios imaturos (larvas e ninfas). A maior parte do conhecimento sabrecai na fauna de carrapatos de aves dos biomas Mata Atlântica e Cerrado no sudeste e centro-oeste do Brasil. Já o conhecimento sobre o parasitismo por carrapatos em aves dos outros biomas: Amazônia, Caatinga, Pantanal...

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“…in comparison to black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) which is more common in the USA. The small rodents also act as reservoirs (Gern et al, 1998, Humair et al, 1998. Additionally, birds have been found to play a major role in the ecology of Lyme borreliosis, where ticks have been transported over large distances and across geographical barriers by avian hosts (Humair, 2002).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme borreliosis in the horse: A mini-review

Kolk¹

2016

JEBAS

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Lyme borreliosis is a multisystemic tick borne disease (also called Lyme disease in humans) which is caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. It is a thin, elongated Gram-negative bacterium and exhibiting motility with flagellar projections. Affected animals mainly show cranial or peripheral neuropathies and uveitis as the more commonly seen extraneural manifestation. Serological evidences confirm its higher occurrence in elderly horses than young ones. Although, incidence of equine Lyme borreliosis is low, its diagnosis is a real challenge. As no indisputable test exists for detecting antibodies to B. burgdorferi, histopathology remains the gold standard and might reveal vascular sclerosis and pleocellular inflammatory infiltrates in neural tissue. Despite antibiotic treatment clinical signs might progress or recur. This review converses with the disease etiology, pathobiology in brief and its mangment from publich health point of view.

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European Reservoir Hosts of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato

Cited by 235 publications

References 18 publications

Some epidemiological and epizootiological aspects of Lyme borreliosis in Slovakia with the emphasis on the problems of serological diagnostics

Some epidemiological and epizootiological aspects of Lyme borreliosis in Slovakia with the emphasis on the problems of serological diagnostics

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) as ectoparasites of Brazilian wild birds and their association with rickettsial diseases

Lyme borreliosis in the horse: A mini-review

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