European Tertiary Fagaceae with chinquapin‐like foliage and leaf epidermal characteristics

Kvaček, Zlatko; Walther, Harald

doi:10.1002/fedr.201100005

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…-A single leaf apex recalls in slender form and simple dentate margin oak-like foliage previously assigned to Quercus lonchitis Unger and occurring mainly in the Oligocene of Seifhennersdorf, Suletice, Lochočice and Stadice (Walther & Kvaček 2007). More detailed comparisons of the compression material from the above mentioned sites revealed morphological differences to the type specimens from the late Eocene locality Socka and epidermal features leading to the Castaneoideae (Kvaček & Walther 2012). The specimen at hand does not show any cuticle structure.…”

Section: Mimosites Haeringianus Ettingshausenmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Generally, Kvaček (2010) defined the zonal vegetation type of Mid-latitude Notophyllous Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest typified by the middle Eocene floras of Eckfeld (Germany) and Lábatlan (Hungary) and the late Eocene floras of Hordle (England) and Kučlín (Czech Republic). The zonal vegetation type was interpreted as the upland vegetation analogue of the more azonal late Eocene floras known from the Staré Sedlo Formation and Weisselster Basin.…”

Section: Phytosociological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The zonal vegetation type was interpreted as the upland vegetation analogue of the more azonal late Eocene floras known from the Staré Sedlo Formation and Weisselster Basin. They were assigned by Kvaček (2010) to the broad-leaved evergreen riparian gallery forest with palms (Staré Sedlo) and mixed Doliostrobus and/or Quasisequoia and broad-leaved evergreen swamp forest (Weisselster Basin). Comparing the above mentioned plant assemblages -with the early Oligo- (Kvaček & Teodoridis 2007).…”

Section: Phytosociological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…European climatic proxies derived from the terrestrial records are regionally heterogene (Hren et al 2013). Climatic characters of vegetation boundaries changed in Europe with the palaeogeographical position and influence of oceanic vs. continental climate (Kvaček 2010). The different signals of terrestrial plant fossils and fish fauna/radiometric dating in the area of Roudníky and Větruše may reflect environmental conditions on the land due to volcanic activities, transport from the vegetation cover at higher altitudes or even atmospheric "cooling" effect of volcanic activity.…”

Section: Palaeoclimatic Proxy-datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The palaeoclimatic event at the Eocene-Oligocene transition has attracted the attention of many palaeobotanists and researchers of palaeoenvironmental science (e.g., Collinson 1992, Collinson et al 2010, Kvaček 2010. In general, the pronounced cooling in this time interval (e.g., Zanazzi et al 2007, Hren et al 2013 induced also changes in palaeovegetation, although this event manifested variously in the mid-northern lalitudes (Mai 1995, Graham 1999, Akhmetiev et al 2009.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tracing the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia

Kvaček¹,

Teodoridis²,

Mach³

et al. 2013

Bull. Geosci.

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Geology and palaeontology of the Roudníky area, situated between the Most Basin and the České středohoří Mountains in North Bohemia, the Czech Republic, is treated in detail. The volcano-sedimentary structure underlying the basin with the included fossiliferous layers is newly interpreted as a maar-diatreme. The radiometric age of the basalts was determined to 35.4 ± 0.9 Ma and 37.1 ± 0.9 Ma -late Eocene, Priabonian. The fish fauna consists of amiids characteristic of other adjacent late Eocene sites while the co-occurring macroflora includes many elements that are typical of the Oligocene. Closest relations are to the fauna and flora of the Větruše Hill at Ústí nad Labem. Based on palaeoclimatic estimates the major turnover from subtropical to warm-temperate climatic regimes in North Bohemia appears to have initiated in the late Eocene by an increase of seasonality and the resulting vegetation change from the evergreen to mixed mesophytic forest types well before the maximum temperature drop of mean annual temperature at ca 33.5 Ma.•

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Section: Mimosites Haeringianus Ettingshausenmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Phytosociological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phytosociological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Palaeoclimatic Proxy-datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tracing the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia

Kvaček¹,

Teodoridis²,

Mach³

et al. 2013

Bull. Geosci.

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Synchrotron X‐ray imaging of a dichasium cupule of Castanopsis from Eocene Baltic amber

Sadowski

Hammel

Denk

2018

American J of Botany

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Premise of the Study The Eocene Baltic amber deposit represents the largest accumulation of fossil resin worldwide, and hundreds of thousands of entrapped arthropods have been recovered. Although Baltic amber preserves delicate plant structures in high fidelity, angiosperms of the “Baltic amber forest” remain poorly studied. We describe a pistillate partial inflorescence of Castanopsis (Fagaceae), expanding the knowledge of Fagaceae diversity from Baltic amber. Methods The amber specimen was investigated using light microscopy and synchrotron‐radiation‐based X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (SRμCT). Key Results The partial inflorescence is a cymule, consisting of an involucre of scales that surround all four pistillate flowers, indicating a dichasium cupule. Subtending bracts are basally covered with peltate trichomes. Flowers possess an urecolate perianth of six nearly free lobes, 12 staminodia hidden by the perianth, and a tri‐locular ovary that is convex‐triangular in cross section. The exceptional three‐dimensional preservation suggests that the fossil belongs to the extant East Asian genus Castanopsis. The amber inclusion represents the first record of Castanopsis from Baltic amber and the first pistillate inflorescence of Fagaceae from Eurasia. Conclusions The partial female inflorescence reported here provides an important addition to acorns of Castanopsis described from middle Eocene strata of Europe. Furthermore, the intercontinental distribution of Castanopsis in the Eocene is confirmed. The amber fossil also broadens the picture of the Baltic amber source area, indicating oligotrophic, sandy, bog‐like habitats. Finally, this study underscores the great benefit of SRμCT as a powerful tool to investigate plant inclusions from amber in a nondestructive way.

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New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

Denk

Bouchal

2021

American J of Botany

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The Fagaceae comprise around 1000 tree species in the Northern Hemisphere. Despite an extensive fossil pollen record, reconstructing biogeographic patterns is hampered because it is difficult to achieve good taxonomic resolution with light microscopy alone. We investigate dispersed pollen of Fagaceae from the Miocene Søby flora, Denmark. We explore the latitudinal gradient in Fagaceae distribution during the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere to compare it with the Eocene Warmhouse and the present. Methods: We investigated dispersed pollen using light and scanning electron microscopy. We assessed biogeographic patterns in Fagaceae during two warm periods in Earth history (MCO, Eocene) and the present. Results: Eight species of Fagaceae were recognized in the Søby flora. Of these, Fagus had a continuous Mediterranean to subarctic distribution during MCO; Quercus sect. Cerris and castaneoids had northern limits in Denmark, and evergreen Quercus sect. Ilex in Central Europe. In a northern hemispheric context, Fagus and sections of Quercus had more northerly distribution limits during Eocene and MCO with maximum northward extensions during Eocene (Fagus, castaneoids) or Oligo-Miocene (Quercus sects. Cerris and Ilex). The known distribution of the extinct Tricolporopollenites theacoides during MCO included Central Europe and East China, while this taxon thrived in South China during Eocene. Conclusions: More northerly distributions during MCO and Eocene probably were determined by temperature. In contrast, fossil occurrences in areas that are arid or semi-humid today were determined by maritime conditions in these areas (western North America, Central Asia) during the Cenozoic.

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European Tertiary Fagaceae with chinquapin‐like foliage and leaf epidermal characteristics

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Tracing the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia

Tracing the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia

Synchrotron X‐ray imaging of a dichasium cupule of Castanopsis from Eocene Baltic amber

New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

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