European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 4. Thresholds of perception of whole-body linear oscillation

Benson, A. J.; Kass, J. R.; Vogel, H. Gerhard

doi:10.1007/bf00237742

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…. 0.4 Hz [13], 60 mm/s 2 for bell-shaped velocity profiles [5], 30 mm/s 2 at 0.3 Hz [4], and 85 mm/s 2 at 0.1 Hz [22]. Our measured data perfectly confirm the mean values published by others [41].…”

Section: Thresholdssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Because they found mean acceleration values that were below reported thresholds of otolith sensation in humans [4,5], they argued that this apparent independence on otolith signals strongly backed the single inverted pendulum (SIP) to be a good model for quiet human stance. For not having to rely on otolith sensation might give support to ankle stiffness being a good concept of stance stabilisation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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What does head movement tell about the minimum number of mechanical degrees of freedom in quiet human stance?

2011

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In this study, we checked experimentally whether anterior-posterior accelerations of the head during quiet human stance are usually below or above known thresholds of the otolith sensor. Thereto, we measured head kinematics with high spatial resolution. Furthermore, we used both these experimental data and computer simulations of two double inverted pendulum (DIP) models in order to verify the validity of DIP models in general. The results are clear cut. First, not only are acceleration thresholds regularly exceeded about once a second but also are velocity thresholds exceeded, albeit probably less frequently. Second, COM and head movement predicted by interwoven DIP model dynamics can not reproduce the mean measured amplitudes at once. Thus, neither the formerly promoted single inverted pendulum nor any DIP model can causally explain the dynamics of quiet human stance. Instead, we suggest to factor in at least three mechanical degrees of freedom. Due to a couple of reasons discussed, the triple inverted pendulum (TIP) model seems to be a promising abstraction implying potential to better understand the dynamics of quiet human stance. List of symbols(time) sequence An array of values of measured variables (positional or force components) sampled discretely versus time trial Acquisition of one (consistent and synchronised) data set containing all (time) sequences of the measured variables P Number of subjects (9) N Number of trials per subject (10) M

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Section: Thresholdssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What does head movement tell about the minimum number of mechanical degrees of freedom in quiet human stance?

2011

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“…Alterations in blood glucose and insulin levels in people with diabetes may impair the function of the vestibular system making it difficult for them to detect minor postural disturbances. However, our acceleration values are often below that needed for vestibular system activation[35], so the exact role of the vestibular system in detecting the short perturbations employed by this study is not known at this time. Future work will involve the direct testing of the vestibular system to explore its relative contribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of diabetes and/or peripheral neuropathy in detecting short postural perturbations in mature adults

Fulk

Robinson

Mondal

et al. 2010

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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BackgroundThis study explored the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral neuropathy (PN) on the ability to detect near-threshold postural perturbations.Methods83 subjects participated; 32 with type II DM (25 with PN and 7 without PN), 19 with PN without DM, and 32 without DM or PN. Peak acceleration thresholds for detecting anterior platform translations of 1 mm, 4 mm, and 16 mm displacements were determined. A 2(DM) × 2(PN) factorial MANCOVA with weight as a covariate was calculated to compare acceleration detection thresholds among subjects who had DM or did not and who had PN or did not.ResultsThere was a main effect for DM but not for PN. Post hoc analysis revealed that subjects with DM required higher accelerations to detect a 1 mm and 4 mm displacement.ConclusionOur findings suggest that PN may not be the only cause of impaired balance in people with DM. Clinicians should be aware that diabetes itself might negatively impact the postural control system.

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“…Recent studies confirmed that the threshold for the perception of verticality in parabolic flight is also comprised between 0.16 G and 0.38 G (de Winkel et al, 2012; Harris et al, 2014). It is interesting to note that this threshold is much higher than the threshold for the perception of linear acceleration, which ranges from 0.005 G to 0.02 G depending on the axis of motion (Benson et al, 1986). …”

Section: Short-radius Centrifugationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Artificial gravity as a countermeasure for mitigating physiological deconditioning during long-duration space missions

Clément

Bukley

Paloski

2015

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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In spite of the experience gained in human space flight since Yuri Gagarin’s historical flight in 1961, there has yet to be identified a completely effective countermeasure for mitigating the effects of weightlessness on humans. Were astronauts to embark upon a journey to Mars today, the 6-month exposure to weightlessness en route would leave them considerably debilitated, even with the implementation of the suite of piece-meal countermeasures currently employed. Continuous or intermittent exposure to simulated gravitational states on board the spacecraft while traveling to and from Mars, also known as artificial gravity, has the potential for enhancing adaptation to Mars gravity and re-adaptation to Earth gravity. Many physiological functions are adversely affected by the weightless environment of spaceflight because they are calibrated for normal, Earth’s gravity. Hence, the concept of artificial gravity is to provide a broad-spectrum replacement for the gravitational forces that naturally occur on the Earth’s surface, thereby avoiding the physiological deconditioning that takes place in weightlessness. Because researchers have long been concerned by the adverse sensorimotor effects that occur in weightlessness as well as in rotating environments, additional study of the complex interactions among sensorimotor and other physiological systems in rotating environments must be undertaken both on Earth and in space before artificial gravity can be implemented.

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European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 4. Thresholds of perception of whole-body linear oscillation

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

What does head movement tell about the minimum number of mechanical degrees of freedom in quiet human stance?

What does head movement tell about the minimum number of mechanical degrees of freedom in quiet human stance?

The effects of diabetes and/or peripheral neuropathy in detecting short postural perturbations in mature adults

Artificial gravity as a countermeasure for mitigating physiological deconditioning during long-duration space missions

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