Background
Concomitant malignant biliary and gastric outlet obstruction can be difficult to manage endoscopically with traditional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and luminal stenting. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (HG) and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) are novel techniques that can relieve both obstructions in a single session. This study aims to describe the outcomes of combined, single session EUS‐HG and EUS‐GJ.
Methods
This is a two‐center retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent same session EUS‐HG and EUS‐GJ. The primary outcome was technical success. Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AE), reduction in total serum bilirubin, length of hospital stay (LOS), and re‐intervention rates.
Results
A total of 23 patients underwent EUS‐HG and EUS‐GJ (12 males, mean age 66.4 years). Twenty‐one were performed for malignant obstruction. Technical success was 100% and 95.6% for HG and GJ, respectively. All patients subsequently tolerated a soft diet and 72.7% (16/22) of patients had a 50% reduction in bilirubin post‐procedure. The median LOS for the 17 patients who were not discharged home immediately following the procedure was 2 (range 1‐20) days. There were five AEs (2 mild, 3 moderate). Only three patients required reintervention (interventional radiology‐guided biliary drainage, stent exchange for a benign biliary stricture, and placement of a second stent through an occluded distal common bile duct stent) over a median follow‐up of 78 days. One patient with pancreatic cancer underwent successful tumor resection.
Conclusion
Single session EUS‐guided double bypass (HG and GJ) is technically feasible and safe when conducted by experienced endosonographers. Larger, comparative studies are needed.