Eutectic Conjugation in Fe-Mn-S System

Ito, Youichi; Yonezawa, Noboru; Matsubara, Kaichi

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.65.3_391

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A number of studies have shown that secretion of catecholamines and proenkephalin A-derived peptides from adrenal medullary cells can be increased by nicotinic receptor stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh) and depolarizing agents such as potassium (K+), barium (Ba2+) and veratridine (VT) (Livett et al, 1981;Kilpatrick et al, 1981;Viveros et al, 1979;Ito et al, 1979). Electrophysiological and biochemical studies have provided evidence that an increase in cytoplasmic calcium is a necessary step in the secretory process (Douglas et al, 1967;Douglas, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proenkephalin A gene expression in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells is regulated by changes in electrical activity.

Kley¹,

Loeffler²,

Pittius³

et al. 1986

The EMBO Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concentrations of mRNA coding for the opioid peptide precursor proenkephalin A (mRNAENK) were measured in primary cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells maintained in serum‐free medium. Using a sensitive solution hybridization assay, an increase in mRNAENK levels from 45 to 300% above control with K+ (10‐20 mM), Ba2+ (1 mM) and veratridine (5 microM) was found. The highest increase (300% above control) was obtained with the Na+ channel agonist veratridine. This effect was nearly abolished in the presence of the Na+ channel antagonist tetrodotoxin (TTX) (1 microM). Moreover, TTX partially inhibited the increase in mRNAENK levels caused by K+ (20 mM) depolarization (from 185 to 130% of control), but had no effect on the stimulation by Ba2+ (1 mM). The Ca2+ channel antagonists D600 (50 microM) verapamil (50 microM) and Co2+ (1 mM) inhibited the responses to either K+, Ba2+ or veratridine, whereas the Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K 8644 (0.1 microM) potentiated the effect of 20 mM K+ from 185 to 230% of control. The K+‐induced increase in the mRNAENK levels was associated with an increase of immunoreactive proenkephalin A‐derived peptides in both tissue and medium, indicating an enhanced production of opioid peptides. These results suggest that membrane depolarization may play an important role in the regulation of proenkephalin A gene expression in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. It may represent a mode by which substances acting directly on Na+ or Ca2+ channels may modulate the regulation of proenkephalin A mRNA biosynthesis and opioid peptide production.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proenkephalin A gene expression in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells is regulated by changes in electrical activity.

Kley¹,

Loeffler²,

Pittius³

et al. 1986

The EMBO Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The equilibrium constant for reaction (4) can be expressed as: and further as: (6) temperatures as well as the basicities. The work of Tranell et.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to investigate in more detail the activity behaviour of reducible oxides in carbon containing slags to minimize steel reoxidation. However, studies on carbon containing slags have focused mainly on solubility and stable forms of carbon in slag [2][3][4][5][6]. To date there have been no reports on the effect of carbon in slag on the activities of Fe.O and MnO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation State of Titanium in CaO‐SiO₂‐TiO_x Slags at 1873K

Ariyo

Gonzalez²,

Holappa³

2005

steel research international

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidation state of titanium was determined in CaO‐SiO2‐TiOx slags in the composition range 25‐53 percent CaO, 27‐46 percent SiO2, 10‐55 percent TiOx at 1873K using gas equilibration method. In the experiments, slags with different titanium oxide contents were equilibrated with a known carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide ratio. The results were used to determine the Ti3+ and Ti4+ contents as well as the activity coefficient ratio of corresponding oxides in the slag. The dependence of the activity coefficient ratio as a function of oxygen partial pressure was determined.

show abstract