Eutectic mixtures for pharmaceutical applications: A thermodynamic and kinetic study

Clavaguera, N.; Saurina, J.; Lheritier, Jean; Masse, J.; Chauvet, Alain; Clavaguera-Mora, M.T.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(96)03077-8

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thermal analytical techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC), have been extensively used in pharmaceutical development (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Eutectic mixtures too, have been characterized and analyzed using these techniques (32,33). Raman spectroscopy has been used to study eutectic mixtures in chemical industry (34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Comparison of Lidocaine-Tetracaine and Lidocaine-Camphor Eutectic Mixtures Based on Their Crystallization and Hydrogen-Bonding Abilities

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Eutectic mixtures formed between active pharmaceutical ingredients and/or excipients provide vast scope for pharmaceutical applications. This study aimed at the exploration of the crystallization abilities of two eutectic mixtures (EM) i.e., lidocaine-tetracaine and lidocaine-camphor (1:1 w/w). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for degradation behavior whereas modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC) set in first heating, cooling, and second heating cycles, was used to qualitatively analyze the complex exothermic and endothermic thermal transitions. Raman microspectroscopy characterized vibrational information specific to chemical bonds. Prepared EMs were left at room temperature for 24 h to visually examine their crystallization potentials. The degradation of lidocaine, tetracaine, camphor, lidocaine-tetracaine EM, and lidocaine-camphor EM began at 196.56, 163.82, 76.86, 146.01, and 42.72°C, respectively, which indicated that eutectic mixtures are less thermostable compared to their individual components. The MTDSC showed crystallization peaks for lidocaine, tetracaine, and camphor at 31.86, 29.36, and 174.02°C, respectively (n=3). When studying the eutectic mixture, no crystallization peak was observed in the lidocaine-tetracaine EM, but a lidocaine-camphor EM crystallization peak was present at 18.81°C. Crystallization occurred in lidocaine-camphor EM after being kept at room temperature for 24 h, but not in lidocaine-tetracaine EM. Certain peak shifts were observed in Raman spectra which indicated possible interactions of eutectic mixture components, when a eutectic mixture was formed. We found that if the components forming a eutectic mixture have crystallization peaks close to each other and have sufficient hydrogen-bonding capability, then their eutectic mixture is least likely to crystallize out (as seen in lidocaine-tetracaine EM) or vice versa (lidocainecamphor EM).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Comparison of Lidocaine-Tetracaine and Lidocaine-Camphor Eutectic Mixtures Based on Their Crystallization and Hydrogen-Bonding Abilities

et al. 2014

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“…The following expression can be obtained by a procedure similar to the Kissinger method. [27] This method is applied to cold crystallization processes and assumes that at the peak temperature, T p , (d 2 a/dt 2 ) T¼Tp ¼ 0 and that the transformed fraction is the same for all heating rate. A specific linear fitting permits to…”

Section: Tmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Crystallization: A DSC Approach to Building the T‐CR‐T Diagram

Berlanga

Suñol

Saurina

2008

Macro Theory & Simulations

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T‐CR‐T diagrams are one of the most reliable ways to predict the thermal behavior of material solidification from the melt. A brief description of solidification accounting for continuous cooling is presented for fast‐crystallizing polymers. An isoconversional method is applied to the kinetic analysis of non‐isothermal processes. The solidification process of different polymer materials: high density polyethylene based samples and mixtures of PEG with a pharmaceutical drug were analyzed by means of DSC. Several diagrams were constructed and the best agreement between experimental data and the calculated T‐CR‐T curves corresponds to the use of the isoconversional method.

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“…As a consequence, to be able to grow the size of the¯uctuating forming nucleus has to be larger than a critical size. Irrespective of the mode of growth [13], nucleation is activated by a crystallization rate constant, k, which is proportional to some power of the nucleation frequency. The activation energy for homogeneous nucleation is of the form [14] E 16 3…”

Section: Kinetic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approximate value of B can be obtained from the best ®t approach to the experimental data under a constant cooling rate. The expression can be obtained from the frequency of nucleation on classical spherical model of heterogeneous nucleation [16], or by a procedure similar to the Kissinger method [13,17]. The approximate value of B is…”

Section: áG 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Polymer Crystallization: T-CR-T Diagram Construction

Suñol¹

2002

International Journal of Polymeric Materials

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A description for solidi®cation accounting for continuous cooling is presented. The analysis is based on the fact that nuclei have to be created prior to crystal growth. Furthermore, a modi®ed isoconversional method is applied to perform the kinetic analysis of non-isothermal processes. The solidi®cation process of dierent polymer materials: polypropylene ± polyethylene and mixtures of polyethylene glycol with drug was here analyzed by means of dierential scanning calorimetry.Temperature-cooling rate-transformation diagrams were constructed and there was a good agreement between experimental data and the calculated T-CR-T curves.

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Eutectic mixtures for pharmaceutical applications: A thermodynamic and kinetic study

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization and Comparison of Lidocaine-Tetracaine and Lidocaine-Camphor Eutectic Mixtures Based on Their Crystallization and Hydrogen-Bonding Abilities

Characterization and Comparison of Lidocaine-Tetracaine and Lidocaine-Camphor Eutectic Mixtures Based on Their Crystallization and Hydrogen-Bonding Abilities

Polymer Crystallization: A DSC Approach to Building the T‐CR‐T Diagram

Modeling Polymer Crystallization: T-CR-T Diagram Construction

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