Evaluación de las pérdidas laborales provocadas enfermedades y lesiones en España en el año 2009

Abstract

Evaluación de las pérdidas laborales provocadas enfermedades y lesiones en España en el año 2009Assessment of productivity losses due to diseases and injuries in Spain in 2009 Núm. 6 (2016) ResumenEl objetivo del trabajo es estimar las potenciales pérdidas laborales ocasionadas por enfermedades y lesiones durante el año 2009. Combinando varias fuentes de datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y el Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social, se desarrolla un modelo de simulación basado en el enfoque del capital humano para la estimación de pérdidas de producción asociadas a muertes prematuras y a situaciones de incapacidad laboral (permanente y temporal).Las pérdidas potenciales estimadas ascienden a 42.430 millones de euros, 8.073 millones de euros corresponden a pérdidas derivadas de la mortalidad prematura (19,0% sobre el total), 18.050 millones de euros corresponden a pérdidas asociadas a situaciones de Incapacidad Permanente (42,5% sobre el total) y 16.306 millones de euros a pérdidas asociadas a situaciones de Incapacidad Temporal (38,4% sobre el total). Ello supone una cifra equivalente al 3,93% del Producto Interior Bruto de España o, alternativamente, al 60,3% del gasto sanitario público total del año 2009. Por tipo de enfermedad o lesión, las enfermedades del sistema osteomuscular y del tejido conjuntivo representaron el 22,9% de las pérdidas, seguidos de las causas externas, con un 13,5%, los trastornos mentales, 10,5%, y los tumores, con un 10,4%.Palabras clave: pérdidas laborales; coste de la enfermedad; impacto laboral AbstractThe main aim of this study is to estimate the productivity losses caused by diseases and injuries occurred in Spain in 2009. Using several data sources from the National Statistics Institute and The National Institute of Social Security, a simulation model based on the human-capital approach is performed to estimate the labour losses due to premature deaths and disability (permanent and temporary).The total productivity losses are estimated to amount to 42,430 million of euros, of which 8,073 million of euros are due to the losses caused by premature deaths (19% of the total loss), 18,050 million of euros to permanent disability (42% of the total loss) and 16,306 million of euros to temporary disability (38.4% of the total loss). These figures represented 3.93% of the 2009 Gross Domestic Product of Spain, in other words, 60.3% of the total Public Health Expenditure in 2009. By type of disease or injury, diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue accounted for 22.9% of the total loss, followed by external causes with 13.5%, metal disorders with 10.5% and tumors with 10.4%.

Occupation and Sickness Absence in the Different Autonomous Communities of Spain

“…It is also important to highlight the proportion of neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases as the cause of AS in managers, as well as neoplasms in scientific and intellectual professionals in health and education, which indicates that in highly qualified workers with a higher education level and higher degree of responsibility, when they initiate a SA process it is generally due to the severity of the pathology that causes it [ 13 , 34 ], with presenteeism being very frequent in both occupational groups [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. These data are in line with those of previous studies published internationally and in Spain [ 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Descriptive study of sickness absence in Spanish regions in 2018: database study

“…1 The total financial cost of SA in consolidated Social Security budgets for 2019 in Spain reached 11 554 711.16 €, which is 8.89% of the general Social Security budget. 2 Besides, the importance of SA caused by disease or accident is not only determined by the social and financial costs that each State dedicates to it, 3 but also by the resources that employers assign to it, 4 as well as the productivity losses 5 and the deterioration of these workers' health. 6 It has been reported that work absenteeism due to illness is, in itself, a risk factor to fall sick, new periods of SA, unemployment, permanent disability pension, [6][7][8] social exclusion 9 and death.…”

Gender Differences in Labour Losses Associated with Smoking-Related Mortality

“…Although we do not have information on labour losses caused by temporary or permanent absence due to illness, using the data on distribution of labour productivity losses estimated by Peña-Longobardo et al (2016) [33] for major groups of diseases for Spain in 2009, a preliminary extrapolation of the impact of smoking on the loss of labour productivity can be made. The estimate indicates productivity losses (premature mortality, temporary and permanent absence due to illness) on the order of €4436.6 million in 2002, €4339.6 million in 2006, €3825.6 million in 2010 and €3834.5 million in 2016 (nominal values).…”