Evaluación histórica de indicadores productivos en vacas lecheras en sistemas a pastoreo

Abstract

Se utilizaron datos retrospectivos correspondientes a las lactancias de 300 vacas primíparas y multíparas de raza Holstein, recolectados entre los años 1992-2012 en un lechería-cabaña ubicado de la localidad de Casilda, provincia de Santa Fe-Argentina. Los animales se dividieron en dos grupos: vacas puras (VP, n=120) y vacas con registro de cría (VRC, n=180). Se procedió a confeccionar, en primer término, los diagramas de dispersión resultantes de representar en forma conjunta los valores del índice de leche (Y) y la producción total de leche (X), correspondientes a cada individuo. Se realizaron diagramas de dispersión vinculando los mismos indicadores, pero restringiendo la asociación a las vacas puras y con registro de cría, dentro de cada categoría (baja, media y alta) de producción. Para las vacas puras: vacas de baja producción: r = 0,883; P < 0,0001; vacas de producción intermedia: r = 0,577; P < 0,0001 y vacas de alta producción: r = 0,391; P = 0,0139.Para las vacas registro de cría: vacas de baja producción: r = 0,739; P < 0,0001; vacas de producción intermedia: r = 0,691; P < 0,0001 y vacas de alta producción: r = 0,568; P<0,0001. Las pendientes fueron positivas y significativas. Se observó una disminución del valor de la pendiente (P < 0,0001) junto con un aumento de la variancia residual con el aumento de la producción de leche. Se concluye que además de los litros totales de leche, debería incorporarse la contribución de otras variables tales como longevidad, eficiencia en la recría y comportamiento reproductivo.

Assessment of the Sustainable Amazonian Sheep Module Using Production Efficiency Indicators

“…Sarandón (2002) defines sustainability as a complex and interdisciplinary concept, for which there are no universal or common parameters or criteria for evaluation. Marini and Di Masso (2018) point out the need to simplify its complexity through obtaining clear, particular and general values, known as indicators, in such a way that abstract concepts are transformed into operational terms. In Ecuador, there are 12.2 million total hectares, of which 6.03 million hectares (ha) are destined for agricultural activity and 6.16 million ha correspond to conservation (MAG-SIPA, 2018).…”

“…The application of the systems approach represents an integrative and macroscopic vision, which implies the recognition of the interactions between its elements. A systemic view makes it possible to understand the mechanisms associated with the productivity and efficiency of the whole, as well as the dynamics of its properties over time (Marini & Di Masso, 2018). The Blackbelly and Pelibuey breeds are of utmost relevance in meat production in the Ecuadorian Amazon region, since they adapted to extreme conditions without affecting the native flora and fauna despite being an introduced species, not endemic to eastern Ecuador.…”

Evolution of Production Indicators over Time in Nelore Cows from the Bolivian Tropics

“…plan actions that contribute to improving the system in such a way that they impact the finished product or output from the system. This information, presented in the form of indicators, should adequately reflect what happens in the production system and be used as a reference to know where each establishment is located at the time we analyze it (Marini & Di Masso, 2018) The indicators are intended to show in a simple and didactic way the achievements proposed in the production system, so that they can be easily understood and evaluated. The values associated with these indicators should mention to what extent the objectives set for the agricultural company are being met (Carstensen, 2013& Piccardi, 2014 as they help to understand where they are, where they are going and how far they are from the goals proposals (Marini & Di Masso, 2018).…”

Longevity of Nelore Cows of the Bolivian Tropics. Is It Possible to Explain It Through Productive Variables?

“…It is within the framework of this approach, which seeks to take advantage of the grazing systems in which the cow is provided directly with the necessary inputs to meet their food requirements, without the need for transportation, processing or distribution of rations (Molinuevo, 2005). Although it is the most widespread modality, the kg of weaning calf produced by a cow does not represent the most appropriate indicator to operationalize a complex variable such as productive efficiency and, in this sense, it should be complemented or replaced by other more aggregated indicators that are they constitute alternatives of a more integral measure of production to assess their behavior in grazing systems (Marini & Di Masso, 2018). Having indicators of this nature would help to avoid the overvaluation of one of the characters involved in the characterization of a good cow for meat over other transcendental ones and would allow to identify the biotypes more adapted to the different environments existing in the place of the evaluation.…”