Evaluasi Paket Teknologi Produksi Benih TSS Bawang Merah Varietas Bima Brebes di Dataran Tinggi (Evaluation of the Packages TSS Seed Production Technology of Bima Brebes Varieties in the Highland)

Abstract

<p>Penggunaan biji botani bawang merah atau true seed of shallot (TSS) diyakini dapat memecahkan kendala ketersediaan benih bawang merah di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan paket teknologi produksi benih TSS yang menghasilkan pembungaan dan produksi biji yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian teknologi produksi TSS dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu, Lembang dengan ketinggian tempat 1.250 m dpl. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak berpasangan dengan dua perlakuan paket teknologi dan diulang lima kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A (aplikasi pukan kuda 10 ton/ha dan ayam 5 ton/ha, SP-36 250 kg/ha, NPK 600 kg/ha aplikasi 10 kali (seminggu sekali), aplikasi BAP dan boron) menghasilkan pembungaan dan produksi biji/TSS yang lebih tinggi daripada paket B (pukan kuda 20 ton/ha, NPK 600 kg/ha dengan dua kali aplikasi, dan aplikasi GA3). Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi teknologi produksi TSS yang sedang dikembangkan saat ini sangat layak untuk memproduksi benih TSS yang bermutu tinggi.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Biji botani bawang merah; BAP; Boron; GA3; Pemupukan</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The use of true seed of shallots (TSS) is believed to solve the constraints of the availability of shallot seeds in Indonesia. The research objective was to compare the two packages TSS seed production technology that produces higher flowering and seed production. Research on TSS production technology was carried out at Margahayu Experimental Garden, Lembang with an altitude of 1,250 m above sea level. Research used a paired plot design with two treatments of technology package and five replicates. The results showed that treatment A (horse manure 10 ton/ha + chicken manure 5 ton/ha + SP-36 250 kg/ha + NPK 600 kg/ha application 10 times + BAP 37,5 ppm + boron 3 kg/ha) produce better flowering and seed production/higher TSS than package B (horse manure at a rate of 20 ton/ha, NPK 600 kg/ha with two times application and the use of GA3). The implication of this research showed the TSS production technology innovation that is being developed today is very feasible to produce high quality TSS in support shallot seed.</p>

Prospect for Farmers' Adoption of True Shallot Seed

“…In 2014 Rosliani et al (2018) conducted an experiment to produce TSS in Lembang, West Java using Brebes TSS variety. Two technology packages were tried, i.e.…”

Input Saving Technology Package of True Seed of Shallot (TSS) Production in Indonesia

“…True seeds of shallot (TSS) can be an alternative source of shallot seeds because TSS can be stored for a long time, so TSS can be used at any time especially when tuber seeds are scarce. TSS has several other advantages compared to tuber seeds such as the use of a little (5-7 kg / ha), relatively healthy, easy to transport, and no period of dormancy [1,2]. The many advantages of this TSS cause many farmers to be interested in developing it.…”

“…The many advantages of this TSS cause many farmers to be interested in developing it. TSS could increase yields doubled compared to tuber seed, making it economically feasible [1]. However, the availability of TSS in Indonesia is still limited because not many people produce TSS.…”

“…The technology package of recommended TSS production has been produced by the Indonesia Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) [1]. But to deal with environmental constraints in the tropics such as Indonesia in the form of high temperatures and high rainfall, this technology package requires quite high production inputs with a cost range of 200-300 million per ha [3].…”

“…Shallots required temperatures of 7-12 ℃ for flowering induction, temperatures of 17-19 o C for the development of umbles and blooming flowers and higher temperatures of 35 ℃ for fertilization and seeding [4]. Tuber seed vernalization and selection of appropriate location and planting time are an effort to increase flowering in relation to high temperature and rainfall constraints [1,2,4]. However, increased flowering was sometimes not always followed by seed production, because the viability of shallot pollen was relatively low, so it was necessary to add additional production inputs [1].…”