1987
DOI: 10.2172/5786375
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Evaluate and characterize mechanisms controlling transport, fate and effects of Army smokes in the aerosol wind tunnel: Transport, transformations, fate, and terrestrial ecological effects of red phosphorus-butyl rubber and white phosphorus obscurant smokes: Final report

Abstract: Project Order No. 84PP4819

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Cited by 3 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Thus, on a mass per unit area basis, we found 75 pg/m 2 . Considering that the WP in the ERF sediments is found at depth due to the accumulation of deposited WP over an unknown number of years, this estimate is in reasonable agreement with Van Voris et al (1987). Thus, deposition from the smoke cloud may account for some of the very low…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 76%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Thus, on a mass per unit area basis, we found 75 pg/m 2 . Considering that the WP in the ERF sediments is found at depth due to the accumulation of deposited WP over an unknown number of years, this estimate is in reasonable agreement with Van Voris et al (1987). Thus, deposition from the smoke cloud may account for some of the very low…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 76%
“…Van Voris et al (1987) measured chemical and physical characteristics of airborne smokes in relation to relative humidity and wind speed. Smoke clouds were generated by the controlled burning of WP in a combustion chamber, and the products were passed into a wind tunnel, where various measurements were made, including particle size and WP deposition.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous research efforts with red phosphorus~butyl rubber (RPIBR) and white phosphorus (WP) smokes (Van Voris et al 1987), and fog oil obscurants (Cataldo et al 1988) attempted to simulate the interaction of obscurant smokes with vegetative surfaces and soils. The purpose of these prior efforts, and those for HC, is to determine whether or not the recurrent use of obscurant smokes at intensively used field sites can irreversibly alter the physical and biological characteristics of these training sites.…”
Section: Soillplant Inter-mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research related to smoke and obscurant testing employed a special recirculating wind tunnel that ensures containment of the smoke and permits simulation of a variety of environmental conditions (i.e., varying wind speeds, relative humidities, temperatures, and lighting conditions). The research described in this report addresses the environmental effects and fate of hexachloroethane (HC) smokes, and is similar to that performed with red phosphorusbutyl rubber and white phosphorus smokes (Van Voris et al 1987) and for oil (Cataldo et al 1989).…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Much of the basic research on the chemistry of white phosphorus was conducted prior to 1950 and was not concerned with its environmental fate. More recent work on the environmental impact of training with white phosphorus munitions concentrated on downwind deposition of aerosols from smoke clouds [6,7], and dealt with white phosphorus particles much smaller than the millimeter-size particles ( Fig. 1) found in highly contaminated ERF sediments [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%