Evaluating changes in growth and pigmentation of Cladosporium cladosporioides and Paecilomyces variotii in response to gamma and ultraviolet irradiation

Bland, Jesse; Gribble, Lisa Astuto; Hamel, Michael C.; Wright, Jeremy Benjamin; Moormann, Garrett; Bachand, Marlene; Wright, Ginger; Bachand, George D.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-16063-z

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, we found a reduction in the abundance of the fungus Cladosporium in response to solar radiation. While Cladosporium species are melanized filamentous fungi, and melanin can typically protect them from UV radiation, our results contradicted this expectation [43]. Interestingly, we observed an increase in endophytic Pseudomonas species favored by solar radiation, possibly due to their pigment-producing abilities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Microbial communities living inside plant leaves or on the leaf surface are differently shaped by environmental cues

Mahmoudi,

Almario,

Lutap

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The leaf-associated microbiome plays a crucial role in plant health and persistence to biotic and abiotic perturbations. However, factors that drive long-term seasonal adaptations of the leaf microbiome, particularly in response to combined stresses, are not well understood. To investigate seasonal adaptation of the leaf microbiome over five years, we analyzed changes in bacterial, fungal and general eukaryotic communities in and onArabidopsis thalianaleaves from natural populations using molecular markers. We collected samples during spring and fall and used linear regression models and co-occurrence networks to examine the roles of abiotic perturbations, space, and time in shaping the microbiome. Consistent with previous studies, time, space, and host compartment explained more than 18% of microbial community variation. Moreover, we dissect environmental factors that significantly impact microbial community variation. Additionally, we explored the effects of diversity and environmental factors on microbial network complexity and found that decreased diversity was correlated with increased complexity of microbial networks over growing seasons. We were thus able to identify individual microbial taxa that are adapted to specific seasons and their response to abiotic perturbations. We conclude that seasonality adaptation of leaf microbiota is significantly shaped by three environmental factors: radiation, wind speed and drought. Based on our findings we therefore hypothesize that beside space, time and compartment, diversity and stability of microbe-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere are predominantly shaped by a small set of environmental perturbations. Our findings have practical implications for the selection and development of field-adapted probiotics for agricultural applications.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Microbial communities living inside plant leaves or on the leaf surface are differently shaped by environmental cues

Mahmoudi,

Almario,

Lutap

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…In fact, the poorly documented reports on the production of citreoviridin A, viriditoxin, cytochalasin D and citrinin H1 mycotoxins by this genus may be attributed to misidentification or contaminations by mycotoxin- producing species. Cladosporium harbors species that can grow at oligotrophic conditions and at fluctuating temperatures(48), which together with their resistant to irradiation(49), supports their robustness in bioremediation applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cladosporiumspecies detoxify multiple water micropollutants of emerging concern using diverse strategies

Leth,

Tang,

Sørensen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The accumulation of micropollutants of emerging concern in aqueous systems raises safety concerns regarding biological systems and human health. Mycoremediation is a promising and green strategy to mitigate the micropollutant challenge. Hitherto, focus has mainly been on white-rot Basidiomycota and micropollutant transformation by ascomycetes remains underexplored. Here, we assayed 53 Ascomycota isolates from 10 genera for the removal of 22 micropollutants. Notably, 9 out of 22 micropollutants were removed from fungal culture supernatant at efficacies >45%. Temporal analysis of the nine top- performing strains, highlighted remarkable potency ofCladosporiumisolates in removal of multiple micropollutants. Importantly,Cladosporiumconsiderably reduced the toxicity of a micropollutant cocktail based on growth assays. Metabolomics analyses identified oxidation for 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole and citalopram, whereas methylation and carboxylation were observed for 5-chlorobenzotriazole. No transformation products were detected for ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, and sertraline, hinting their extensive degradation. These findings suggest micropollutant transformation via diverse catalytic routes byCladosporium. Genome sequencing and proteomic analyses of the top-performing isolates were consistent with the observed transformations and tentatively identified the molecular apparatus, conferring micropollutant transformation. This unprecedented study brings novel insight into the micropollutant transformation and detoxification capabilities of the prevalentCladosporiumspecies, thereby revealing a considerable and hitherto underappreciated potential of this genus and potentially other ascomycetes in micropollutant transformation.ImportanceAt present, conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed for removing micropollutants, which are released into aqueous systems. This raises concerns due to the poor insight into micropollutant long-term interplay with biological systems. Innovating biotechnological solutions to tackle micropollutant require addressing the paucity of knowledge on microbial groups and molecular pathways, which mediate micropollutant transformation. Our study highlights the considerable potential of theCladosporiumgenus that remains underexplored in the arena of micropollutant transformation. We report the first genomes sequences for threeCladosporiumspecies:C. allicinum, C. inversicolor,andC. fusiforme, which sets the stage for further analyses of micropollutant transformation, but also offers an important resource on this ecologically significant, albeit under-studied genus and related Ascomycota.

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“…It was shown that an increase in the dose of gamma rays led to a consistent increase in the production of PKS-based pigment melanin in Cryomyces antarcticus [ 311 ]. Exposure to ultraviolet irradiation led to an increase in pigmentation in both the melanin-containing Cladosporium cladosporioides and the non-melanized fungus Paecilomyces variotii [ 312 ]. However, in these cases, it is important to correlate how strongly the changes in Y SM occurred in response to different doses of SP.…”

Section: Regulation Of Sm Production In Fungi According To the Piano ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal BGCs for Production of Secondary Metabolites: Main Types, Central Roles in Strain Improvement, and Regulation According to the Piano Principle

Zhgun

2023

IJMS

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Filamentous fungi are one of the most important producers of secondary metabolites. Some of them can havse a toxic effect on the human body, leading to diseases. On the other hand, they are widely used as pharmaceutically significant drugs, such as antibiotics, statins, and immunosuppressants. A single fungus species in response to various signals can produce 100 or more secondary metabolites. Such signaling is possible due to the coordinated regulation of several dozen biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which are mosaically localized in different regions of fungal chromosomes. Their regulation includes several levels, from pathway-specific regulators, whose genes are localized inside BGCs, to global regulators of the cell (taking into account changes in pH, carbon consumption, etc.) and global regulators of secondary metabolism (affecting epigenetic changes driven by velvet family proteins, LaeA, etc.). In addition, various low-molecular-weight substances can have a mediating effect on such regulatory processes. This review is devoted to a critical analysis of the available data on the “turning on” and “off” of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in response to signals in filamentous fungi. To describe the ongoing processes, the model of “piano regulation” is proposed, whereby pressing a certain key (signal) leads to the extraction of a certain sound from the “musical instrument of the fungus cell”, which is expressed in the production of a specific secondary metabolite.

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Evaluating changes in growth and pigmentation of Cladosporium cladosporioides and Paecilomyces variotii in response to gamma and ultraviolet irradiation

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Microbial communities living inside plant leaves or on the leaf surface are differently shaped by environmental cues

Microbial communities living inside plant leaves or on the leaf surface are differently shaped by environmental cues

Cladosporiumspecies detoxify multiple water micropollutants of emerging concern using diverse strategies

Fungal BGCs for Production of Secondary Metabolites: Main Types, Central Roles in Strain Improvement, and Regulation According to the Piano Principle

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