Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) are essential in providing timely medical attention and transportation to people in need during times of crisis. Effective EMS operations are crucial for delivering prompt and effective healthcare. However, the landscape of EMS operations is constantly evolving, posing a number of challenges that require rigorous research and innovative solutions. Objectives: To highlight the key challenges facing EMS departments in their daily operations and discuss potential solutions. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted. Relevant studies were identified by searching electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Results: The main challenges facing EMS departments include an increasing demand for services, limited resources, aging infrastructure, technological advancements, and regulatory compliance. Operational-level solutions that can be used to address these challenges include investing in technology, cross-training personnel, developing contingency plans, and partnering with other organizations. Conclusion: EMS departments today face a variety of challenges. However, there are a number of approaches that can be taken to address these challenges. By investing in technology, cross-training personnel, developing contingency plans, and partnering with other organizations, EMS departments can improve their operations and provide the best possible care to patients.