Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum

He, Yujie; Jones, Miriam C.; Zhuang, Qianlai; Bochicchio, Christopher; Felzer, B. S.; Mason, Erik; Yu, Zicheng

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.12.019

Cited by 8 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The Alaskan C stock was simulated through the Holocene driven with vegetation data reconstructed for four time periods, including a time period encompassing a millennialscale warming event during the last deglaciation known as the Bølling-Allerød at 15-11 ka (1 ka = 1000 cal yr before present), Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) during the early Holocene at 11-10 and 10-9 ka, and the mid (9-5 ka) and late Holocene (5 ka-1900 AD) (He et al, 2014). We used the modern vegetation distribution for the simulation during the period 1900-2000 AD (Fig.…”

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using the same vegetation distribution map, we reclassified the upland ecosystems into two peat- Figure 2. Alaskan vegetation distribution maps reconstructed from fossil pollen data during (a) 15-11 ka, (b) 11-10 ka, (c) 10-9 ka, (d) 9 ka-1900 AD, and (e) 1900-2000 AD (He et al, 2014). Symbols represent the basal age of peat samples (n = 102) in Gorham et al (2012).…”

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assignment of biomized fossil pollen data to the vegetation types in TEM (He et al, 2014 dataset (Matthews and Fung, 1987). The resolution was resampled to 0.5…”

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate data were bias-corrected from ECBilt-CLIO model output (Timm and Timmermann, 2007) to minimize the difference from CRU data (He et al, 2014). Climate fields include monthly precipitation, monthly air temperature, monthly net incoming solar radiation, and monthly vapor pressure at a resolution of 2.5…”

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, climatic effects on SOC were not fully explained, presumably due to its inadequate representation of ecosystem processes (Stocker et al, 2011(Stocker et al, , 2014Kleinen et al, 2012). The Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) has been applied to study C and nitrogen dynamics in the Arctic (Zhuang et al, 2001(Zhuang et al, , 2002(Zhuang et al, , 2003(Zhuang et al, , 2015He et al, 2014). However, the model has not been calibrated and evaluated with peat-core C data, and has not been applied to investigate the regional peatland C dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Wang¹,

Zhuang²,

Yu³

2016

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Northern high latitudes contain large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC), of which Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems account for a substantial proportion. In this study, the SOC accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems over the last 15 000 years was simulated using a process-based biogeochemistry model for both peatland and non-peatland ecosystems. Comparable with the previous estimates of 25-70 Pg C in peatland and 13-22 Pg C in non-peatland soils within 1 m depth in Alaska using peat-core data, our model estimated a total SOC of 36-63 Pg C at present, including 27-48 Pg C in peatland soils and 9-15 Pg C in non-peatland soils. Current vegetation stored 2.5-3.7 Pg C in Alaska, with 0.3-0.6 Pg C in peatlands and 2.2-3.1 Pg C in non-peatlands. The simulated average rate of peat C accumulation was 2.3 Tg C yr −1 , with a peak value of 5.1 Tg C yr −1 during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) in the early Holocene, 4-fold higher than the average rate of 1.4 Tg C yr −1 over the rest of the Holocene. The SOC accumulation slowed down, or even ceased, during the neoglacial climate cooling after the mid-Holocene, but increased again in the 20th century. The model-estimated peat depths ranged from 1.1 to 2.7 m, similar to the field-based estimate of 2.29 m for the region. We found that the changes in vegetation and their distributions were the main factors in determining the spatial variations of SOC accumulation during different time periods. Warmer summer temperature and stronger radiation seasonality, along with higher precipitation in the HTM and the 20th century, might have resulted in the extensive peatland expansion and carbon accumulation.

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Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assignment of biomized fossil pollen data to the vegetation types in TEM (He et al, 2014 dataset (Matthews and Fung, 1987). The resolution was resampled to 0.5…”

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Model Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Wang¹,

Zhuang²,

Yu³

2016

Biogeosciences

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Quantifying peat carbon accumulation in Alaska using a process‐based biogeochemistry model

Wang

Zhuang

et al. 2016

JGR Biogeosciences

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This study uses an integrated modeling framework that couples the dynamics of hydrology, soil thermal regime, and ecosystem carbon and nitrogen to quantify the long‐term peat carbon accumulation in Alaska during the Holocene. Modeled hydrology, soil thermal regime, carbon pools and fluxes, and methane emissions are evaluated using observation data at several peatland sites in Minnesota, Alaska, and Canada. The model is then applied for a 10,000 year (15 ka to 5 ka; 1 ka = 1000 cal years before present) simulation at four peatland sites. We find that model simulations match the observed carbon accumulation rates at fen sites during the Holocene (R2 = 0.88, 0.87, 0.38, and −0.05 using comparisons in 500 year bins). The simulated (2.04 m) and observed peat depths (on average 1.98 m) were also compared well (R2 = 0.91). The early Holocene carbon accumulation rates, especially during the Holocene thermal maximum (HTM) (35.9 g C m− 2 yr− 1), are estimated up to 6 times higher than the rest of the Holocene (6.5 g C m− 2 yr− 1). Our analysis suggests that high summer temperature and the lengthened growing season resulted from the elevated insolation seasonality, along with wetter‐than‐before conditions might be major factors causing the rapid carbon accumulation in Alaska during the HTM. Our sensitivity tests indicate that, apart from climate, initial water table depth and vegetation canopy are major drivers to the estimated peat carbon accumulation. When the modeling framework is evaluated for various peatland types in the Arctic, it can quantify peatland carbon accumulation at regional scales.

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Land Surface-Atmosphere CO2 Fluxes in the Critical Zone

Giamberini,

Provenzale

2024

Advances in Critical Zone Science

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Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum

Cited by 8 publications

References 100 publications

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Quantifying peat carbon accumulation in Alaska using a process‐based biogeochemistry model

Land Surface-Atmosphere CO2 Fluxes in the Critical Zone

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Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum

Cited by 8 publications

References 100 publications

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Quantifying peat carbon accumulation in Alaska using a process‐based biogeochemistry model

Land Surface-Atmosphere CO2 Fluxes in the Critical Zone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years

Quantifying soil carbon accumulation in Alaskan terrestrial ecosystems during the last 15 000 years