“…The bacterial strains displayed strong capabilities in removing heavy metals at lower concentrations, yet their effectiveness was limited when dealing with higher concentrations of heavy metals. This pattern was aligned with the findings of Kumar and Oommen [ 49 ], who observed a decline in removal percentages as the initial concentrations of Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb increased, attributed to saturation of sorption sites on adsorbents. Fig.…”
“…The bacterial strains displayed strong capabilities in removing heavy metals at lower concentrations, yet their effectiveness was limited when dealing with higher concentrations of heavy metals. This pattern was aligned with the findings of Kumar and Oommen [ 49 ], who observed a decline in removal percentages as the initial concentrations of Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb increased, attributed to saturation of sorption sites on adsorbents. Fig.…”
“…However, as the metal concentration increases, the number of functional groups to which the metal is attached is similar. According to a previous study, there is a certain saturation capacity in removing metals from the environment and metal bioremoval capacity becomes saturated after a certain concentration of the pollutant [25]. In our study, as the metal concentration is increased, the number of functional groups to which the metal will be attached was similar in all tested media.…”
Section: Copper(ii) Bioremoval At Different Pollutant Concentrationssupporting
In the current study, bioremediation of Cu(II) by thermophile Cyanobacterium aponinum has been studied in BG11 media under different conditions. The optimum pH was 9 due to the maximum Cu(II) bioremoval efficiency as 71% in the medium with12.8 mg/L Cu(II). According to the results obtained from the trials, the highest bioremoval was 76.6% in the medium including 9.7 mg/L Cu(II) for incubation period of 10 days. When the effect of increasing temperature (25-45 °C) and biomass [20% and 40% (v/v)] concentrations on bioremediation by C. aponinum was investigated, the highest heavy metal removal was found 75.8% at 45 °C, 12.8 mg/L Cu(II), and 20% (v/v) biomass concentration. It was 76.3% in the medium with 13.8 mg/L pollutant, 40% (v/v) biomass concentration. The qm (maximum specific Cu(II) removal) was found as 6.1 mg/g at 45 °C in BG11 with 40% (v/v) biomass and 13.8 mg/L Cu(II). It has been concluded that Cu(II) bioremediation by thermophile C. aponinum was firstly investigated at various environmental conditions in this study. The results indicated that the tested cyanobacterium had a great potential to remove heavy metals from the aquatic environments, containing Cu(II).
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