Evaluating Ground Penetrating Radar Use for Water Infiltration Monitoring

Abstract

Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) was tested to monitor water infiltration in sand. Water was injected down an 81 cm long tubed hole, with a piezometer recording the depth of water and a tap valve used to adjust it to 15 cm ± 2 cm above the bottom of the tube. During the 20 minutes of infiltration a GPR system recorded a trace every second with its transmitter and receiver antennae at a fixed offset position on the surface. The signal, enhanced by differential correction, allows for tracing the evolution of top and bottom limits of the water bulb in space and time. Comparison with hydrodynamic model of the infiltration process and simulated radargrams prove that the GPR reflections trace the wetting front and the saturation bulb. A quantified estimation of the evolution of the top border of the wetting zone is provided.

Characteristics of Leakage Pollution of Longpan Road Gas Station and Its Enlightenment

“…Saintenoy etc. also carried out some studies on the application of GPR [12,[14][15][16][17][18]. On the whole, few studies, however, were carried out overseas on the application of GPR in detecting under-ground organic contaminants and mostly concentrated in areas with layers of thick sandstone or ice [19,20].…”

Identifying a parameterisation of the soil water retention curve from on-ground GPR measurements

“…This was demonstrated with a 1.5 yr time series with natural forcing by Steelman and Endres (2012). GPR is capable of monitoring the movement of infiltration fronts as shown by Saintenoy et al (2008) for an infiltration through a tube within the sand and by Moysey (2010) for an infiltration from the surface. Also the capillary fringe can be tracked, which was demonstrated by Endres et al (2000) during monitoring a pumping test and was investigated further by Tsoflias et al (2001) regarding shape and amplitude of the reflections.…”

Inversion of dispersive GPR pulse propagation in waveguides with heterogeneities and rough and dipping interfaces

“…The solution is obtained in an iterative fashion directly in the time domain because FDTD is effectively a wave propagator. GprMax3D is part of a suite of GPR modelling algorithms under the name GprMax which has been used for a wide range of GPR simulations by a number of researchers (Giannopoulos and Diamanti, 2008;Jeannin et al, 2006;Persico and Soldovieri, 2008;Saintenoy et al, 2008;Tsoflias and Becker, 2008;Wilson et al, 2009). Some of its features included are: Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) boundary conditions to efficiently truncate the computational domain (Gedney, 1996), modelling of frequency dependent materials, interface roughness, heterogeneous media properties and fine features (Diamanti and Giannopoulos, 2009;Giannopoulos, 2005Giannopoulos, , 2008Giannopoulos and Diamanti, 2003, 2005.…”