Evaluating heat pump system design methods towards a sustainable heat supply in residential buildings

Vering, Christian; Maier, Laura; Breuer, Katharina; Krützfeldt, Hannah; Streblow, Rita; Müller, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118204

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Similar analyses and efficiency of using and installing heat pumps for residential buildings can be found in works, e.g. (Vering et al 2022, Yang et al 2022, Shah et al 2022.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Performance of the Heat Pump and Photovoltaic Systems Installed in the Single-family House

Dębska,

Honus,

Dąbek

et al. 2024

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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Renewable energy sources are increasingly common in Poland, and a growing number of single-family houses are now equipped with such systems. The article presents the study of the performance of the heat pump and the photovoltaic system installed in a house in the Swietokrzyskie Province near the city of Kielce. The data related to thermal and electrical energy generation throughout three years has been analysed with a focus on the advantages offered by such systems in the climate conditions of Central Poland. It turned out that 2022 was the best year for electricity production because it exceeded the value of 8000 kWh, and in the winter period from November to February, energy production balances at 200-300 kWh, which proves the high efficiency of panels for electricity production even in unfavourable climatic conditions. The heat pump generates the smallest energy production to heat the house in the summer, while in the winter, this production increases intensively due to the heating season in Poland. These are values from 1500 kWh to values above 3000 kWh. Similarly, in the case of domestic hot water, these values are higher in winter than in summer. Additionally, the work includes electricity consumption before and after the installation of renewable energy sources. Simplified economic analysis has also been presented in the paper. The simple payback period is estimated at approximately 9 years.

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“…Similar analyses and efficiency of using and installing heat pumps for residential buildings can be found in works, e.g. (Vering et al 2022, Yang et al 2022, Shah et al 2022.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Performance of the Heat Pump and Photovoltaic Systems Installed in the Single-family House

Dębska,

Honus,

Dąbek

et al. 2024

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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“…Representative variants from each control strategy were subjected to four additional analyses to generalise the results. First, the number of dwellings was varied (30,20,10, or 6 dwellings) to assess the dependence on the size of apartment buildings, which affects the potential to group charging times. Next, the insulation level of the DHW vessels was varied (Ecodesign labels: "A+", "C", and "F"), as this impacts the optimal storage volume and recharging frequency due to increased heat losses.…”

Section: Additional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their efficiency strongly depends on the flow rate and return temperature. Due to the climate goals [1][2][3], there is now a shift towards the use of HP and electric boilers, whose coefficients of performance (COPs) depend strongly on the supply temperature [10] and indirectly on the return temperature. The benefits of reducing the central supply temperature in HP-based collective heating systems have been proved both in [11] for a space heating (SH) network and in [12] for a booster HP system producing domestic hot water (DHW) locally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, an assessment framework, described in Section 3, was used to efficiently investigate the influences of boundary conditions and design choices on the two control strategies in a simulation environment. A simulationbased approach is recommended by Vering et al [10] because it considers the nonlinear inter-dependencies during operation, and because control and sizing influence each other. Furthermore, it also allows an objective evaluation by keeping the heat demand for DHW and SH the same for each design and control variant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grouped Charging of Decentralised Storage to Efficiently Control Collective Heating Systems: Limitations and Opportunities

et al. 2023

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Collective heating systems have multiple end-users with time-varying, often different temperature demands. There are several concepts catering to this, e.g., multi-pipe networks and 2-pipe networks with or without decentralised booster systems. In this study, we focus on 2-pipe networks with a changing supply temperature by smart use of decentralised storage. By grouping high-temperature demands, the average supply temperature can be lowered during large parts of the day, which is beneficial for system efficiency. The actual energy-saving potential, however, can be case-specific and is expected to depend on design choices and implemented control strategies. In this paper, these dependencies are assessed and identified by implementing two optimised rule-based control strategies, providing in such a way a bench-mark for other control strategies. The results show that grouping yields energy savings of up to 36% at similar peak demand as with conventional control strategies. The energy-saving potential is greatest for large storage volumes and small networks, but large networks with large storage and proper control choices can also achieve around 30% energy savings. Moreover, high-temperature time can easily be reduced to less than 40% of the day, which could make space cooling without decentralised booster heat pumps possible, but this requires further research.

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“…In general, research shows that the design and operation of heat pump systems are intertwined. To analyze both design and control, simulation-based analysis employing detailed models is an accepted option [14,15,24,25]. For each of the three main questions, specific related work exists.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Back-Up Heaters in Retrofit Heat Pump Systems: Which to Choose, Where to Place, and How to Control?

et al. 2022

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Back-up heaters are essential for sustainable retrofit heat pump systems to achieve low capital costs and high system temperatures. Despite its importance, current literature focuses primarily on single aspects of the interaction between the back-up heater and the heat pump system. Furthermore, influences of varying scenarios are typically not considered. This paper simultaneously investigates the impact of 18 different scenarios on the optimal answer to the questions: Which back-up heater to choose, where to place it, and how to control it? A scenario consists of boundary conditions for weather, building envelope, radiator sizing, operational envelope, and the electricity-to-gas price/emission ratio, respectively. Using annual dynamic Modelica simulations, we evaluate and assess all interdependencies based on a full factorial design. We analyze final energy consumption, thermal comfort, and back-up heater as objectives. For gas-fired back-up heaters, the optimal placement and control align with current state-of-the-art recommendations. However, for electric back-up heaters, current guideline recommendations yield up to 30% higher operational costs and emissions compared to our findings. Consequently, future studies should develop optimal design rules for sustainable retrofit heat pump systems.

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Evaluating heat pump system design methods towards a sustainable heat supply in residential buildings

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Performance of the Heat Pump and Photovoltaic Systems Installed in the Single-family House

Performance of the Heat Pump and Photovoltaic Systems Installed in the Single-family House

Grouped Charging of Decentralised Storage to Efficiently Control Collective Heating Systems: Limitations and Opportunities

Integration of Back-Up Heaters in Retrofit Heat Pump Systems: Which to Choose, Where to Place, and How to Control?

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