Evaluating impact damage to fabric-based personal armor by infrared NDT

This paper investigates the ballistic impact on Kevlar multilayer three-dimensional angle-interlock woven fabric (3DAWF) by proposing the mesoscale geometrical model for the numerical simulation. Multilayer 3DAWF is designed to yarn level configuration by utilizing the membrane elements to reduce computational time and enhance accuracy. The general-purpose finite element code LS-DYNA is employed to predict the ballistic behavior of multilayer 3DAWF under ballistic penetration. The velocity evolution of the projectile, energy absorption mechanism, and failure morphology of multilayer 3DAWF are predicted and validated by the impact test results. It is found that the mesoscale model based on strain rate material models accurately reproduces the ballistic test results. Numerical simulations with strain rate effects in the yarn material properties have a higher precise prediction in the projectile's velocity, energy absorption mechanism, and failure morphology compared with traditional FEA. This study demonstrated the importance of the strain rate effect of material properties in simulating the ballistic impact on the fabric and dramatically improves the ballistic impact simulation's accuracy on fabric.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of strain rate effect on ballistic impact response of multilayer three dimensional angle-interlock woven fabric

Wei

Yang

2021

“…(2014) performed a study comparing the obtained results from thermography with those given by ultrasonic C-scan. Budadin et al. (2019) employed infrared thermography to analyse the dynamic behaviour of a woven fabric and to study the thermal phenomena associated to damage creation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, to evaluate and assess its efficiency, Maier et al (2014) performed a study comparing the obtained results from thermography with those given by ultrasonic C-scan. Budadin et al (2019) employed infrared thermography to analyse the dynamic behaviour of a woven fabric and to study the thermal phenomena associated to damage creation. Ravikara et al (2006) proved that the ultrasonic C-scan could quantify damage induced by this type of loading better than infrared thermography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and evaluation of barely visible impact damage in woven glass fabric reinforced polyamide 6.6/6 composite using ultrasonic imaging, X-ray tomography and optical profilometry

Miqoi

Pomarède

Meraghni

et al. 2020

The present experimental work investigates the response of woven glass fabric reinforced polyamide 6.6/6 subjected to drop weight impact loading. The main objective is the development and the introduction of a new experimental procedure/approach, based on different complementary detection techniques, that aims at investigating the damage induced by impact loading in thermoplastic woven fabric composites. The developed approach is intended to be generalized to other types of composite materials. The main idea is to assess all the experimental results obtained through the developed procedure with a direct investigation method. The latter consists in the Permanent Indentation (PI) measurement providing an indicator of the damage criticality in the composite sample. To this end, several non-destructive testing methods are carried-out and their experimental findings are analyzed and cross-linked. The identification of the different damage mechanisms, caused by the drop weight impact, is performed using X-Ray micro-computed tomography (µCT). C-scan ultrasonic investigation is conducted according to two types: transmission and reflection for the detection of the impact damage and the identification of the induced degradation area. B-scan imaging are then obtained through specific post-processing of the impacted surface to extract the permanent indentation (PI). The latter is validated through surface flatness measurement using the highly resolved 3D optical profilometry. The correlation between the X-Ray tomography results and the permanent indentation measurement is then established. It correlates the PI level with the damage mechanisms of a barely visible impact damage (BVID) in woven glass reinforced polyamide 6.6/6 composite.

“…Many methods for designing high-performance bulletproof materials have been developed from structure optimizations and materials hybrid (Bonyi et al., 2019; Patil and Naik, 2018; Song et al., 2018). The energy absorption mechanisms include friction among yarns, yarn breakage, and fabric deformation (Budadin et al., 2019; Hwang et al., 2015; Xu et al., 2018). Tapie et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic penetration damages and energy absorptions of stacked cross-plied composite fabrics and laminated panels

Wei

2020

Flexible fabrics have been widely used in body armor designs. Here we report ballistic impact damage of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panels. The ballistic impact behaviors of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panel have been tested with fragment-simulating projectiles under the strike velocity 550–600 m/s to explore the influence of the layers combination of fabric target on ballistic impact. Two types of macroscopic anisotropy continua finite element models based on fabric targets structures are established to analyze the ballistic mechanism of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panels. The impact damage morphologies and energy absorptions have also been compared between the tests and finite element analysis results. We have found the stacked fabric construction absorbed more energy than their counterpart cross-plied laminated panel, while the laminated panel shows better structural integrity and stability during ballistic penetration.