“…Studies examining students' perceptions are new, particularly in the field of technical education. Previous researches has investigated the relationship between students' perceptions of the learning environment and its impact on learning outcomes [56,31,1,28,15,2,21,23] For example, in a recent study by [48] three factors; teacher support, cognitive activation, and classroom management were studied and they identified these factors as the most fundamental in teaching quality. The study evaluates different latent variable modelling approaches (confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modelling and bi-factor modelling), which are used to describe these individual perceptions with respect to their factor structure, measurement invariance and the relationships to selected educational outcomes (achievement, selfconcept, and motivation).…”