1997
DOI: 10.1016/s0926-5805(97)00025-3
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Evaluating intelligent buildings according to level of service systems integration

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Cited by 51 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…As a consequence, the term "energy management system" (EMS) appeared, which highlights automation functionality related to power-saving operation, like optimum start and stop control. 2 Further, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems for buildings, referred to as central control and monitoring systems (CCMS), were introduced. They extended the operator's reach from having to handle each piece of equipment locally over a whole building or complex, allowing the detection of abnormal conditions without being on-site.…”
Section: Building Services Automation and Integrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…As a consequence, the term "energy management system" (EMS) appeared, which highlights automation functionality related to power-saving operation, like optimum start and stop control. 2 Further, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems for buildings, referred to as central control and monitoring systems (CCMS), were introduced. They extended the operator's reach from having to handle each piece of equipment locally over a whole building or complex, allowing the detection of abnormal conditions without being on-site.…”
Section: Building Services Automation and Integrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, demand control of lighting systems can significantly contribute to energy saving. Recognizing the head start of the BA systems of the HVAC domain with regard to control and presentation, they provided the natural base for the successive integration of other systems (sometimes then termed "integrated BMS" (IBMS) [2]). …”
Section: Building Services Automation and Integrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 1998, Kroner suggested that smartness was evaluated based on some criteria: building which is equipped with electronics to provide a convenient place for the inhabitants [3]. Arkin and Paciuk modified the above definition as smartness doesn't mean to be content with only specific technology in order to improve some functional systems (as lighting or air conditioning) but it addresses whole systems integration [4].…”
Section: Smart Structures Formation Basicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The proposed procedure identifies the intelligence level of intelligent buildings. Arkin and Paciuk [15] developed a measure called the "Magnitude of Systems' Integration" Index (MSIR) to determine the level of systems' integration of intelligent buildings. Yang and Peng [16] employed the MSIR model for IB alternative assessment.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%