Evaluating measures of family history of alcoholism: density versus dichotomy

Stoltenberg, Scott F.; Mudd, Sharon A.; Blow, Frederic C.; Hill, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.931015117.x

Cited by 117 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Individual risk for AUDs is further increased by having multiple fi rst-and second-degree relatives with alcoholism (Dawson et al, 1992), and children with high familial loading of alcoholism are at greater risk for early-onset drinking (Hill & Yuan, 1999). This suggests that familial loading of alcoholism is an important determinant of overall risk susceptibility, which is also supported by studies that have found relationships between this measure and variation in alcoholism diagnosis and severity (Stoltenberg et al, 1998). Family history density (FHD) of AUDs likely refl ects genetic loading risk, as scores for fi rst-and second-degree relatives with alcoholism are assigned based on genetic relatedness to offspring with familial alcoholism (Stoltenberg et al, 1998).…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

“…This suggests that familial loading of alcoholism is an important determinant of overall risk susceptibility, which is also supported by studies that have found relationships between this measure and variation in alcoholism diagnosis and severity (Stoltenberg et al, 1998). Family history density (FHD) of AUDs likely refl ects genetic loading risk, as scores for fi rst-and second-degree relatives with alcoholism are assigned based on genetic relatedness to offspring with familial alcoholism (Stoltenberg et al, 1998). However, environmental contributions that infl uence risk may also be present, depending on the offspring's exposure to the relative(s) with AUD(s), which may also moderate risk vulnerability (Jacob et al, 2003).…”

supporting

confidence: 58%

“…FHD scores (Stoltenberg et al, 1998) were determined from the Family History Assessment Module (Rice et al, 1995) administered to at least one biological parent of each participating youth. Biological relatives with a history of AUD contributed to the score, with a biological parent adding 0.5, a grandparent adding 0.25, and aunts/uncles each adding 0.25 divided by the total number of aunts and uncles on that side of the family .…”

Section: Family History Density Of Alcoholismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family History Density of Alcoholism Relates to Left Nucleus Accumbens Volume in Adolescent Girls

Cservenka¹,

Gillespie²,

Michael³

et al. 2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: A family history of alcoholism is a significant risk factor for the development of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Because common structural abnormalities are present in reward and affective brain regions in alcoholics and those with familial alcoholism, the current study examined the relationship between familial loading of AUDs and volumes of the amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in largely alcohol-naive adolescents, ages 12-16 years (N = 140). Method: The amygdala and NAcc were delineated on each participant's T1-weighted anatomical scan, using FMRIB Software Library's FMRIB Integrated Registration & Segmentation Tool, and visually inspected for accuracy and volume outliers. In the 140 participants with accurate segmentation (75 male/65 female), subcortical volumes were represented as a ratio to intracranial volume (ICV). A family history density (FHD) score was calculated for each adolescent based on the presence of AUDs in fi rst-and second-degree relatives (range: 0.03-1.50; higher scores represent a greater prevalence of familial AUDs). Multiple regressions, with age and sex controlled for, examined the association between FHD and left and right amygdala and NAcc volume/ICV. Results: There was a signifi cant positive relationship between FHD and left NAcc volume/ ICV (ǵR 2 = .04, p = .02). Post hoc regressions indicated that this effect was only signifi cant in females (ǵR 2 = .11, p = .006). Conclusions: This fi nding suggests that the degree of familial alcoholism, genetic or otherwise, is associated with alterations in reward-related brain structure. Further work will be necessary to examine whether FHD is related to future alcohol-related problems and reward-related behaviors. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 76, 47-56, 2015)

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supporting

confidence: 62%

supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Family History Density Of Alcoholismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Family History Density of Alcoholism Relates to Left Nucleus Accumbens Volume in Adolescent Girls

Cservenka¹,

Gillespie²,

Michael³

et al. 2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…A 'family-history load' metric weighted AUD relatives according to the estimated shared genetic material (eg, first-degree 0.5, second-degree 0.25) and summed weighted scores for all AUD relatives (Stoltenberg et al, 1998) (Table 1).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Impulsivity in Healthy Males and Females with Family Histories of Alcoholism

DeVito

Meda

Jiantonio

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Individuals family-history positive (FHP) for alcoholism have increased risk for the disorder, which may be mediated by intermediate behavioral traits such as impulsivity. Given the sex differences in the risk for and clinical presentation of addictive disorders, risk for addiction may be differentially mediated by impulsivity within FHP males and females. FHP (N ¼ 28) and family-history negative (FHN, N ¼ 31) healthy, non-substance-abusing adults completed an fMRI Go/No-Go task and were assessed on impulsivity and alcohol use. Effects of family history and sex were investigated as were associations between neural correlates of impulse control and out-ofscanner measures of impulsivity and alcohol use. FHP individuals showed greater activation in the left anterior insula and inferior frontal gyrus during successful inhibitions, an effect that was driven primarily by FHP males. Higher self-reported impulsivity and behavioral discounting impulsivity, but not alcohol use measures, were associated with greater BOLD signal in the region that differentiated the FHP and FHN groups. Impulsivity factors were associated with alcohol use measures across the FHP and FHN groups. These findings are consistent with increased risk for addiction among FHP individuals being conferred through disrupted function within neural systems important for impulse control. Keywords: impulsivity; family history of alcoholism; insula; inferior frontal gyrus (IFG); addiction; sex differences. INTRODUCTIONAlcohol use disorders (AUDs) are prevalent and associated with detrimental health and societal outcomes (Li, 2008). Individuals with a family history of alcoholism (familyhistory positive (FHP)) have increased risk for alcoholism driven by genetic and environmental factors (Lieb et al, 2002;Slutske et al, 2002). Healthy FHPs model addiction vulnerability without confounding effects of excess alcohol on cognition and brain function.Increased AUD risk among FHPs may be conferred via heritable impulsive tendencies (Dick et al, 2010;Tessner and Hill, 2010). Impulsivity is a multi-factorial construct, where distinct sub-components appear to have differential neural bases and relationships with addiction (de Wit, 2009;Lejuez et al, 2010;Rogers et al, 2010). Aspects of impulsivity may both predispose to and be exacerbated by addictive behaviors. Impulsivity predicts development of AUDs; is higher in FHPs with more alcohol-dependent relatives (ie higher family-history load); and partially mediates the relationship between FHP and alcohol and substance use disorder (for review, see de Wit, 2009;Dick et al, 2010;Lejuez et al, 2010;Verdejo-Garcia et al, 2008). Other less well-studied impulsivity-related constructs (eg, sensationseeking, risk-taking, compulsivity, behavioural activation/ inhibition, reward/punishment sensitivity) have been related to addiction vulnerability, and addictions therefore warrant consideration (eg, Meda et al, 2009).Sex differences are important to consider as they are observable for rates, clinical presentation, and health cons...

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“…Клиническим при-знаком генетической предрасположенности являет-ся семейная отягощенность -наличие среди кров-ных родственников больного случаев этого же забо-левания, своего рода «генетический груз». Логично полагать, что чем больше родственников индивиду-ума имели признаки наркологического заболева-ния, тем выше уровень предрасположенности и больше тяжесть «генетического груза» или степень (плотность) семейной отягощенности [17]. Имеются косвенные, часто не подтвержденные количествен-но, представления о связи семейной отягощенности по алкоголизму и небольшой длительности ремиссий [18].…”

unclassified

Duration of therapeutic remission alcohol dependence: a role of dopamine system genes polymorphism and family history density

Кибитов

Чупрова

Brodyansky

et al. 2015

Z. nevrol. psikhiatr. im. S.S. Korsakova

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Evaluating measures of family history of alcoholism: density versus dichotomy

Abstract: FHD is a good candidate to be a standard FH measure because it is quantitative, based on familial relatedness and capable of accounting for significant variation in alcoholism diagnosis and two indices of alcoholism severity in men and in women.

Cited by 117 publications

References 39 publications

Family History Density of Alcoholism Relates to Left Nucleus Accumbens Volume in Adolescent Girls

Family History Density of Alcoholism Relates to Left Nucleus Accumbens Volume in Adolescent Girls

Neural Correlates of Impulsivity in Healthy Males and Females with Family Histories of Alcoholism

Duration of therapeutic remission alcohol dependence: a role of dopamine system genes polymorphism and family history density

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