Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Earth Material During Intelligent Compaction

A Machine-Learning Approach for Extracting Modulus of Compacted Unbound Aggregate Base and Subgrade Materials Using Intelligent Compaction Technology

“…First, about 600 scenarios were evaluated using a baseline drum model to document the differences among the geomaterial responses simulated under different levels of sophistication. As documented in Nazarian et al [7], the responses from the different sophistication levels are strongly correlated. The stationary static nonlinear FE model was selected as the best compromise between the execution time and the accuracy of populating a comprehensive database.…”

“…A compacted geomaterial proof-mapping simulation was conducted using a 3-D FE model that had been developed using the commercially available multi-purpose software package LS-DYNA ® . The details of each modeling scenario are provided in Nazarian et al [7]. The model consisted of a drum imparting energy to a layered geosystem at typical proof-mapping operating conditions.…”

“…Different research efforts have been undertaken to develop and implement modulusbased quality management procedures to ensure that compacted pavement materials meet the material properties used in mechanistic pavement design practices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. These procedures involve the use of in situ modulus/deflection-based nondestructive testing (NDT) devices that estimate the stiffness properties of compacted geomaterials.…”

“…Intelligent compaction (IC) has been considered as a potential tool for the assessment of the stiffness and uniformity of compacted materials near real time while achieving 100% coverage of the compacted area. IC is a technology that incorporates a vibratory roller with an accelerometer-based measuring system, a high precision global positioning system (GPS), and an onboard data acquisition system (DAQ) with a color-coded display to improve the compaction quality [3,7,8]. The IC measurement values (ICMVs) are used to assess the quality and uniformity of the compacted layer based on different metrics and various levels of correlation to the mechanical and engineering properties of compacted geomaterials [9].…”

“…The IC measurement values (ICMVs) are used to assess the quality and uniformity of the compacted layer based on different metrics and various levels of correlation to the mechanical and engineering properties of compacted geomaterials [9]. Different studies have directly or indirectly attributed the following benefits to ICMVs: (1) improved compaction/uniformity quality; (2) reduced over/under compaction; (3) reduced compaction time; (4) improved location of less stiff spots; and (5) the feasibility design, construction, and performance integration [3,7,[10][11][12][13][14]. Parameters that affect the correlation among the IC roller and other in situ test measurements include the difference in the depth of influence, the state of stress due to the imparted energy, heterogeneity in the underlying materials, moisture content variability, and intrinsic measurement errors associated with the employed devices [15][16][17].…”