Evaluating Perceptions of Self-efficacy and Quality of Life in Patients Having Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Their Family Caregivers

Abstract

Background: Self-efficacy is a critical factor of quality of life in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as well as their family caregivers. However, there is lack of knowledge about whether patients' self-efficacy and caregivers' perceptions of patient self-efficacy are associated with quality of life in two member dyads. Objectives: To compare self-efficacy and quality of life between patients and family caregivers and to examine whether patients' and caregivers' perceptions of patient selfefficacy were associated with their own, and their partner's quality of life who were waiting for CABG. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 84 dyads (85% male patients and 87% female caregivers) completed the Cardiac Self-Efficacy scale that consisted of self-efficacy for controlling symptoms and self-efficacy for maintaining function subscales, and the Short-Form 12 Health Survey for quality of life. Data were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model Results: Caregivers' rated patient self-efficacy for maintaining function higher than the patients themselves and their perceptions were positively correlated with the patients' physical health. Patients' self-efficacy for maintaining function exhibited an actor effect on their own mental health. There were no other actor or partner effects of self-efficacy on quality of life. Conclusions: Differences between patients' and caregivers' perceptions of patient selfefficacy for maintaining function should be addressed before surgery to reduce discordance. 3 Patients' self-efficacy for maintaining function was associated with their own quality of life. There was no partner (relationship) effect of self-efficacy on quality of life. More research is needed in this area.

Longitudinal evaluation of the effects of illness perceptions and beliefs about cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease and their caregivers

“…Our results for differences in mental health (outcomes) between the patients and caregivers revealed their scores were similar; a finding which is consistent with prior research [40,60,61]. The EUROACTION study also showed that couples often share similar ratings of health-related quality of life [49].…”

“…The SF-12v2 scores were calculated following the norm-based scoring algorithm, using weights derived from confirmatory factor analysis [32]. The measure has demonstrated good validity and reliability [31,33,34], and it has been used in studies of cardiac patients [2,[35][36][37][38][39], and patientcaregiver dyads [40][41][42]. Cronbach's alpha for the PCS was 0.77 for patients and 0.89 for caregivers; and the MCS was 0.81 for patients and 0.91 for caregivers.…”

Evaluating emotional distress and health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure and their family caregivers: Testing dyadic dynamics using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model

“…Analysis of all 9 BSI sub-scales revealed the patients' and caregivers' scores were not statistically significantly different, except for somatisation (i.e., greater distress arising from perspectives of bodily dysfunction), which was not unexpectedly higher in patients. This finding is consistent with earlier studies that found patient and caregiver congruence in mental health and wellbeing [34,84,85]. Compared to previous research [46,47], the patients' somatisation and obsession-compulsion scores were high, indicating greater emotional distress arising from perspectives of bodily dysfunction, and thoughts, impulses and actions that were unremitting and irresistible.…”

Predictors of health-related quality of life after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

“…After the CABG, the PCS and MCS scores were most strongly affected by self-efficacy, and this finding is in agreement with the results of previous studies and research which indicated that self-efficacy is a key factor that determined the post-CABG HRQOL in patients with CAD 23 and heart failure 31 . Recovery and adaptation following CABG are influenced by the patient's physical condition and treatment, as well as by their perception of their own capability to organize and execute the actions that are required to achieve their goals 28 , 32 , 33 . This is because self-efficacy helps CAD patients recognize risk factors, thereby enhancing their self-care compliance, such as through positive lifestyle changes 27 , 28 , confidence in treatment, and psychological resilience 29 .…”