2013
DOI: 10.1126/science.1236281
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Evaluating Pesticide Degradation in the Environment: Blind Spots and Emerging Opportunities

Abstract: The benefits of global pesticide use come at the cost of their widespread occurrence in the environment. An array of abiotic and biotic transformations effectively removes pesticides from the environment, but may give rise to potentially hazardous transformation products. Despite a large body of pesticide degradation data from regulatory testing and decades of pesticide research, it remains difficult to anticipate the extent and pathways of pesticide degradation under specific field conditions. Here, we review… Show more

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Cited by 944 publications
(625 citation statements)
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References 46 publications
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“…Our study revealed that dilution-corrected in-stream attenuation rates were highly variable among pharmaceuticals and river segments. This variability might be attributed to both the physicochemical properties of the pharmaceutical compounds and the local environmental conditions, similarly to what summarized for pesticides by Fenner et al (2013). The first was reflected in differences in the mean values among pharmaceuticals as well as in the differences among river segments, whereas the second was reflected in the variability of v f among river segments for each pharmaceutical (Figure 1).…”
Section: 3mentioning
confidence: 69%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Our study revealed that dilution-corrected in-stream attenuation rates were highly variable among pharmaceuticals and river segments. This variability might be attributed to both the physicochemical properties of the pharmaceutical compounds and the local environmental conditions, similarly to what summarized for pesticides by Fenner et al (2013). The first was reflected in differences in the mean values among pharmaceuticals as well as in the differences among river segments, whereas the second was reflected in the variability of v f among river segments for each pharmaceutical (Figure 1).…”
Section: 3mentioning
confidence: 69%
“…biotransformation, photolysis, sorption, volatilization) depend in turn on the different pharmaceuticals characteristics as well as on a series of physicochemical and biological parameters of the river such as river flow rate, temperature, the vertical hydrological exchange between surface and subsurface compartments, turbidity, dissolved oxygen concentration, biofilm biomass, and pH (Gurr and Reinhard 2006;Kunkel and Radke 2008). Because these parameters vary at different spatial and temporal scales, in-stream attenuation rates might also show high variability and complicate the prediction of attenuation rates from one river to the next (Gurr and Reinhard 2006;Fenner et al 2013). Most of the available information on in-stream attenuation of pharmaceuticals comes from a few field studies based on single stream segments and accounting for a limited number of compounds (Yamamoto et al 2009;Kunkel and Radke 2011;Writer et al 2012).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These transient species are reactive and they can be involved in the photochemical transformation of many biorefractory pollutants (industrial chemicals, some pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products) and of naturally occurring DOM (dissolved organic matter; Medeiros et al, 2015;Minella et al, 2015). Therefore, they contribute strongly not only to the photochemical self-depuration potential of surface water bodies (Peng et al, 2006;Fenner et al, 2013;Zeng and Arnold, 2013), but also to the biogeochemical transformation of key nutrients (C, N, P). The • OH radical is formed upon photolysis of nitrate and nitrite (reactions 1, 2).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This product was introduced in 1959 and quickly became the most widely used herbicide in the world, holding that title until displaced in recent years by the use of glyphosate on GMO crops [13]. Atrazine is inherently biodegradable, and numerous bacteria able to grow rapidly on the herbicide as a C or N source have been identified [14]. Though only moderately retained by soil sorption, atrazine is generally protected from degradation by bioavailability limitation, owing to the limited driving force for diffusion produced by small populations of atrazine degraders typical of most soils [15].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%