Evaluating Sex Differences in Aggressiveness in Cattle, Bison and Rhesus Monkeys

Reinhardt, Viktor; Reinhardt, Annie; Reinhardt, Catherine

doi:10.1163/156853986x00045

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Communal (or social) licking has been previously noted for both American bison and European bison ( Bison bonasus ), within the context of mother‐calf bonding (Daleszczyk, 2004; Green, 1993), grooming (Caboń‐Raczyńska et al, 1983; Mooring et al, 2004, 2006), or mating (Fuller, 1960; Reinhardt, 1985). We are not aware of other reports of communal wound licking in bison (or other ungulate species), despite animals being occasionally injured in nature or through social interactions, such as fighting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Licking their wounds: Social response to trauma by free‐ranging bison (Bison bison)

2023

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The epidermis of wild mammals is occasionally lacerated or punctured and wound care behaviours evolved to keep animals healthy in nature. Communal wound licking may promote healing of affected sites, relieve stress after a traumatic experience, and reinforce social bonds among individuals. Yet, there are few reported cases of communal wound licking in free-ranging mammals. We report observations of communal wound licking in a social ungulate-free-ranging bison (Bison bison). Two adult female bison presented with minor open puncture wounds after we chemically immobilized each of them with a dart fired from a rifle. The day after being darted, we observed three different adult bison lick the wounds of the two wounded bison. Both bison were <3 m of each other during this time and all of the observed wound licking occurred in <10 min. Our observation provides an additional example of communal wound licking in free-ranging mammals and extends it to a social ungulate. Benefits to bison of communal wound licking are perhaps largely social. However, targeted research is needed to better understand both the frequency and cost and benefits of communal wound licking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Licking their wounds: Social response to trauma by free‐ranging bison (Bison bison)

2023

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“…In general, bulls have more dominant and aggressive behaviors than females ( Reinhardt et al, 1987 ). Controversially, in recent studies, female beef cattle had been classified as more temperamental ( Gauly et al, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Modeling and Genomic Analyses of Yearling Temperament in American Angus Cattle and Its Relationship With Productive Efficiency and Resilience Traits

Alvarenga

Oliveira

Miller³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Cattle temperament has been considered by farmers as a key breeding goal due to its relevance for cattlemen’s safety, animal welfare, resilience, and longevity and its association with many economically important traits (e.g., production and meat quality). The definition of proper statistical models, accurate variance component estimates, and knowledge on the genetic background of the indicator trait evaluated are of great importance for accurately predicting the genetic merit of breeding animals. Therefore, 266,029 American Angus cattle with yearling temperament records (1–6 score) were used to evaluate statistical models and estimate variance components; investigate the association of sex and farm management with temperament; assess the weighted correlation of estimated breeding values for temperament and productive, reproductive efficiency and resilience traits; and perform a weighted single-step genome-wide association analysis using 69,559 animals genotyped for 54,609 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Sex and extrinsic factors were significantly associated with temperament, including conception type, age of dam, birth season, and additional animal–human interactions. Similar results were observed among models including only the direct additive genetic effect and when adding other maternal effects. Estimated heritability of temperament was equal to 0.39 on the liability scale. Favorable genetic correlations were observed between temperament and other relevant traits, including growth, feed efficiency, meat quality, and reproductive traits. The highest approximated genetic correlations were observed between temperament and growth traits (weaning weight, 0.28; yearling weight, 0.28). Altogether, we identified 11 genomic regions, located across nine chromosomes including BTAX, explaining 3.33% of the total additive genetic variance. The candidate genes identified were enriched in pathways related to vision, which could be associated with reception of stimulus and/or cognitive abilities. This study encompasses large and diverse phenotypic, genomic, and pedigree datasets of US Angus cattle. Yearling temperament is a highly heritable and polygenic trait that can be improved through genetic selection. Direct selection for temperament is not expected to result in unfavorable responses on other relevant traits due to the favorable or low genetic correlations observed. In summary, this study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of maternal effects, extrinsic factors, and various genomic regions associated with yearling temperament in North American Angus cattle.

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“…In species such as M. arctoides, where sex ual selection has favoured dimorphism, males being better equipped with traits asso ciated to displays and aggression, females which may become involved in more aggres sive encounters than males, as the cost of a fight is less than that involving a male op ponent or between males [30]. Even so, dam age caused in female-female encounters is likely to be life-threatening [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects of Kinship, Sex and Rank in the Behavioural Interactions of Captive Stump-Tailed Macaques

Santillán-Doherty¹,

Díaz²,

Mondrágón-Ceballos³

1991

IJFP

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In almost all non-human primate species kinship, sex and rank bias the patterning of interactions among subjects, seemingly in a way that favours the individual’s fitness. A number of studies have been done in order to study separately the effects of these variables, concluding that an adequate model of interactions cannot be developed assuming preponderance of a single variable. The ‘willingness’ of one animal to interact with another can be explained as the result of assessing the possible outcomes (proximate and/or ultimate) of the interaction. The interrelationship of variables such as kinship, sex and rank, among others, provides the actors with a basis for deciding their rates of social interactions. The following study was done to assess whether kinship, rank and sex exerted independent, additive effects in the within-group distributions of eight social behaviour categories of captive groups of stump-tailed macaques. We found that the three variables synergistically affected the patterning of all behavioural categories. This suggests that the pay-offs of social interactions do not vary linearly, being intrinsically correlated with the actors’ attributes so that uncertainty in the choice of a potential partner is minimized.

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Evaluating Sex Differences in Aggressiveness in Cattle, Bison and Rhesus Monkeys

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Licking their wounds: Social response to trauma by free‐ranging bison (Bison bison)

Licking their wounds: Social response to trauma by free‐ranging bison (Bison bison)

Genetic Modeling and Genomic Analyses of Yearling Temperament in American Angus Cattle and Its Relationship With Productive Efficiency and Resilience Traits

Synergistic Effects of Kinship, Sex and Rank in the Behavioural Interactions of Captive Stump-Tailed Macaques

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