Evaluating the application of research-based guidance to the design of an emergency preparedness leaflet

Hellier, Elizabeth; Edworthy, Judy; Newbold, L.; Titchener, Kirsteen; Tucker, Mike; Gabe-Thomas, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2013.10.002

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…38,45 whereas actual nuclear incidents have seen self-evacuation to be common, particularly among those receiving information felt to be confusing or unclear. 40,52 Given the likely link between behaviour and the overall health effects of a nuclear incident, encouraging protective behaviours should be a priority.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 In an experiment, no difference was found between a standard nuclear safety leaflet and one supplemented with extra information about statelevel preparedness in terms of how frequently they were kept or read by households which received them. 40…”

Section: Preparednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,53,57,58 In an RDD emergency television network news and news or government websites were preferred; while social media, healthcare providers and the CDC were preferred by fewer than 2%. 38 Pre-incident nuclear information was found to be confusing and unclear in two studies (focus groups 52 ; experimental design 40 ). For example, participants did not fully understand the terms, 'shelter-in-place' and 'plume'.…”

Section: Information Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…59 An intervention leaflet was preferred to an existing nuclear safety leaflet due to greater ease of understanding, being more informative, offering a pin-up summary, and using preferred pictures and layout. 40 Studies using focus groups and RDD scenarios found leaflet length, density and complexity, lack of illustrations, accessibility for disabilities 60 and recommendations without explanation 50 to be criticisms, whilst a live voice delivering messages was preferred to a recording during an incident. 49 Preferences for information content Pre-incident, 77% of the US public expressed interest in knowing government and community RDD response plans 55 whilst 77% of participants presented with a scenario in which radiological materials were found in possession of terrorists would seek healthrelated information.…”

Section: Information Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32,33,51 Inevitably, substantially more information is desired immediately following an incident than preincident, relating to issues such as food and water contamination, 58 actions of authorities and recommendations specific to where the individual is at that time, 50 as well as regarding the likelihood of further attacks. 60 The other experiment, a study of the effectiveness of a pre-incident communications leaflet 40 found advisories best recalled were arguably those with the most personal impact on the recipient, such as not collecting children from school and not using mobile phones. Instructions less well recalled (e.g.…”

Section: Content and Formatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

Gauntlett

Amlôt

Rubin

2019

The Lancet Psychiatry

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Background/objective How the public behave following a nuclear emergency will help to determine overall levels of morbidity and mortality. Pre-event education might help to shape behaviour, but how best to engage people with emergency communications for low likelihood, high impact events is unknown. We conducted a systematic review to identify factors which predict behaviour in preparation for a nuclear incident; factors which predict behaviour in the immediate aftermath of a nuclear incident; and preferences among members of the public for information designed to educate them about actions to take in the event of a nuclear incident. Method We searched multiple databases for relevant papers. Papers were included if: they included a sample of the general public, related to an actual or hypothetical radiation incident, explored factors associated with pre-or post-incident behaviour or preferences for information receipt; used self-report or objective outcome data; and were published in English. Results We included sixteen studies which reported factors associated with preparatory behaviour, 23 for factors associated with post-incident behaviour and 26 studies which examined information preferences. In general preparedness, behaviour was predicted by factors including perceived coping efficacy and having children amongst others, but a lack of preparedness was attributed to fatalistic attitudes. Importantly, for pre-incident communications to be accepted and recommendations adhered to, the source must be trusted and perceived to be credible, though it is notable that family needs, such as collecting children from school, are a stronger predictor of behaviour in a nuclear emergency than communicated directives from authorities. Conclusions If pre-incident education about nuclear incidents is to be used, a number of factors, including the source and method of communication, as well as the content and format of messaging, may increase public engagement with messages and promote the uptake of protective behaviours in a radiation event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Information Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Information Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Content and Formatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

Gauntlett

Amlôt

Rubin

2019

The Lancet Psychiatry

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Human factors and nuclear safety since 1970 – A critical review of the past, present and future

2021

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Establishment of a post-disaster healthcare information booklet for the Turkey–Syrian earthquake, based on past disasters

Okuyama,

Seto,

Fukuda

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The scientific evidence based on experiences with past disasters points to the possibility of the occurrence of future mental health issues among those who were affected by the recent Turkey–Syria earthquake. However, post-disaster care information on factors that could give rise to mental health issues among those affected have yet to be provided. In March 2011, Tohoku University compiled and published a booklet with post-disaster healthcare information based on the experiences with the Great East Japan Earthquake. This study aimed to promote the introduction and use of this booklet for post-disaster care in Turkey and Syria by presenting the results of a satisfaction survey conducted with relevant Japanese organizations about the booklet. A total of 505 Japanese organizations participated in the satisfaction survey of, and evaluated, the booklet. The results indicated the need to consider the ease of understanding for the general public when providing information on post-disaster care through booklets. We hope that this study leads to the appropriate provision of easy-to-understand, post-disaster healthcare information to the victims of the Turkey–Syria earthquake and future disasters.

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Evaluating the application of research-based guidance to the design of an emergency preparedness leaflet

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

How to inform the public about protective actions in a nuclear or radiological incident: a systematic review

Human factors and nuclear safety since 1970 – A critical review of the past, present and future

Establishment of a post-disaster healthcare information booklet for the Turkey–Syrian earthquake, based on past disasters

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