Evaluating the clinical utility of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in dogs and cats presenting to an emergency department

Spillane, Amanda M.; Haraschak, Jenica L.; Gephard, Savanna E; Nerderman, Brooke E; Fick, Meghan E.; Reinhart, Jennifer M.

doi:10.1111/vec.13293

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, a recent study determined that SIRS-positive status was common in small animals presented to the emergency room and primary care, and was only weakly associated with outcome. 125 Following the publication of Sepsis-3, the human and veterinary definitions are now divergent, further limiting the translation of human sepsis literature to veterinary practice. Moreover, the premise that sepsis is an overexuberant pro-inflammatory response to infection that underpins the use of the SIRS criteria is of questionable validity.…”

Section: Veterinary Sepsis Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been argued that because the primary aim of the SIRS criteria is to identify animals that are systemically unwell and require prompt attention, the exact cutoff points for these parameters are less important than the implication of the derangement, that is, the patient should be thoroughly and urgently assessed. However, a recent study determined that SIRS‐positive status was common in small animals presented to the emergency room and primary care, and was only weakly associated with outcome 125 …”

Section: Veterinary Sepsis Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defining sepsis in small animals

Cortellini,

DeClue,

Giunti

et al. 2024

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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ObjectiveTo discuss the definitions of sepsis in human and veterinary medicine.DesignInternational, multicenter position statement on the need for consensus definitions of sepsis in veterinary medicine.SettingVeterinary private practice and university teaching hospitals.AnimalsDogs and cats.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsSepsis is a life‐threatening condition associated with the body's response to an infection. In human medicine, sepsis has been defined by consensus on 3 occasions, most recently in 2016. In veterinary medicine, there is little uniformity in how sepsis is defined and no consensus on how to identify it clinically. Most publications rely on modified criteria derived from the 1991 and 2001 human consensus definitions. There is a divergence between the human and veterinary descriptions of sepsis and no consensus on how to diagnose the syndrome. This impedes research, hampers the translation of pathophysiology insights to the clinic, and limits our abilities to optimize patient care. It may be time to formally define sepsis in veterinary medicine to help the field move forward. In this narrative review, we present a synopsis of prior attempts to define sepsis in human and veterinary medicine, discuss developments in our understanding, and highlight some criticisms and shortcomings of existing schemes.ConclusionsThis review is intended to serve as the foundation of current efforts to establish a consensus definition for sepsis in small animals and ultimately generate evidence‐based criteria for its recognition in veterinary clinical practice.

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Section: Veterinary Sepsis Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Veterinary Sepsis Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining sepsis in small animals

Cortellini,

DeClue,

Giunti

et al. 2024

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Occurrence of bacteremia, bacteriuria and bacteriuria-related bacteremia in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease. A pilot study

Uva,

Cavalera,

Gernone

et al. 2024

Research in Veterinary Science

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KC-like chemokine as a biomarker of sepsis in dogs with pyometra

Hagman,

Klemming,

Bengtsdotter

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Sepsis, defined as a dysregulated inflammatory response to infection inducing organ dysfunction, is a common cause of mortality in both humans and animals. Early detection and treatment is essential for survival, but accurate diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of specific biomarkers for sepsis. This study explored the potential of the keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC)-like protein in dogs as a biomarker of sepsis in dogs with bacterial uterine infection (pyometra). The aim was to compare KC-like concentrations in dogs with pyometra with or without sepsis and to assess associations between KC-like and clinical variables, including days of hospitalization as an outcome. Results A mouse KC ELISA was validated and used to determine the concentrations of KC-like in serum from 34 dogs with pyometra and 18 healthy controls. Dogs with pyometra were classified as having sepsis based on two different criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), resulting in 74% and 30% sepsis-positive, respectively. The concentration of KC-like protein was higher in pyometra dogs with sepsis than in pyometra dogs without sepsis (p < 0.05) and in healthy controls (p < 0.0001) when using either of the two SIRS criteria. Moreover, KC-like was slightly increased in dogs with pyometra without sepsis compared with healthy controls when using the more stringent SIRS criteria (p < 0.05). Analyses of all dogs showed that KC-like concentrations correlated positively with hospitalization days, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, white blood cells, and percentage of band neutrophils; however, KC-like correlated negatively with hemoglobin and did not correlate with circulating creatinine. Conclusions Our results suggest that circulating KC-like protein increases in dogs with sepsis in pyometra and that KC-like is associated with more severe clinical illness. These findings support a potential role of KC-like as a biomarker of sepsis; however, the true identity of KC-like in dogs has yet to be uncovered.

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Evaluating the clinical utility of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in dogs and cats presenting to an emergency department

Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the clinical utility of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria in dogs and cats presenting to an emergency room (ER).

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Defining sepsis in small animals

Defining sepsis in small animals

Occurrence of bacteremia, bacteriuria and bacteriuria-related bacteremia in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease. A pilot study

KC-like chemokine as a biomarker of sepsis in dogs with pyometra

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