Evaluating the diversity of common bean novel varieties and their performance in Nowshera

Abstract

Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., is historically significant crop that plays vital role in global food security. However, limited research exists on the genetic diversity of common bean in Pakistan that specifically suit the climatic conditions of a particular region. To address this gap, ten different common bean varieties were evaluated at the Cereal Crop Research Institute in Nowshera KPK. Randomized complete block design with three replications was employed. Agronomic and quality traits were analyzed. Results revealed that variety China exhibited the tallest plants (62) with more number of branches (20), while Gorilla and Swat Red displayed the shortest plants (31 and 28) with Swat Red and Swabi 1 having limited branching (9 each). China also showed delayed flowering (55), while Swat 1 and Swat Red exhibited early flowering (37 and 39 respectively). Gorilla and Nifa R outperformed other varieties producing more pods ( 22) and seeds pods -1 (7.3). The highest seed yield was also recorded for Gorilla (1984 kg ha -1 ) and Nifa R (1946 kg ha -1 ), while Afghani (1430 kg ha -1 ) and Swabi 1 (1395 kg ha -1 ) had the lowest. In terms of quality traits, Nifa R showed the highest protein content (21 g), while Gorilla had the lowest seed moisture content (9.9 %). Nifa Y showcased the highest iron content (105 mg kg -1 ), and Nifa R displayed the highest zinc content (30 mg kg -1 ). Newly developed Nifa R and Y varieties and gorilla variety from Swat is considered to be well suited in agro climatic conditions of Nowshera region.