Evaluating the effects of olivocochlear feedback on psychophysical measures of frequency selectivity

Jennings, Skyler G.; Strickland, Elizabeth

doi:10.1121/1.4742723

Cited by 40 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Francis and Guinan (2010) pointed out some problems in interpreting the effects of CS on PTCs. The NBN masker used to measure the PTC itself elicits efferent activity, especially when the masker level is high, which happens when its frequency is well above or below the signal frequency (Guinan, 2006;Jennings et al, 2009;Strickland, 2001;Jennings and Strickland, 2012). The efferent activity elicited by the NBN masker can affect both the response to the signal and the efferent activity elicited by the CS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of broadband and narrowband contralateral noise on psychophysical tuning curves and otoacoustic emissions

Wicher

Moore

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The relative effectiveness of narrowband and broadband noises in activating the efferent system was assessed by comparing the effect of contralateral stimulation (CS) with such sounds on psychophysical tuning curves (PTCs) determined in simultaneous masking, using signal frequencies of 1000 or 2000 Hz. To check that the CS stimuli used did activate the efferent system, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were also measured in the absence and presence of narrowband and broadband CS. The CS had no consistent effect on the masker level at the tips of the PTCs. A broadband pink noise CS consistently reduced the masker level required for threshold on both the low- and high-frequency sides of the PTCs for the 2000-Hz signal frequency. However, there were no consistent effects of the CS for any other case. The broadband pink noise CS had a greater effect in reducing DPOAE levels than the narrowband CS. The results provide psychophysical evidence supporting the idea that the efferent system is activated more effectively by a broadband than by a narrowband CS, at least for a signal frequency of 2000 Hz.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of broadband and narrowband contralateral noise on psychophysical tuning curves and otoacoustic emissions

Wicher

Moore

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…Because PTCs and filter functions are assumed to measure the response of a single auditory filter centered at f T , these two types of spectral masking functions are commonly used as estimates of auditory frequency resolution (e.g. [16, 30, 37]) and cannot be used as indicators of the spectral spread of masking produced by the masker. In contrast, masking patterns are measured for fixed f M and L M and variable f T and L T .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed that activation of the MOCR can affect masking by reducing cochlear gain and, as a byproduct, by reducing frequency resolution and cochlear nonlinearity (e.g. [37, 41, 43, 44]). This reflex has a delay of about 20–25 ms between the onset of the stimulus and the onset of the gain reduction [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Time-Frequency Masking for Spectrally and Temporally Maximally-Compact Stimuli

et al. 2016

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Many audio applications perform perception-based time-frequency (TF) analysis by decomposing sounds into a set of functions with good TF localization (i.e. with a small essential support in the TF domain) using TF transforms and applying psychoacoustic models of auditory masking to the transform coefficients. To accurately predict masking interactions between coefficients, the TF properties of the model should match those of the transform. This involves having masking data for stimuli with good TF localization. However, little is known about TF masking for mathematically well-localized signals. Most existing masking studies used stimuli that are broad in time and/or frequency and few studies involved TF conditions. Consequently, the present study had two goals. The first was to collect TF masking data for well-localized stimuli in humans. Masker and target were 10-ms Gaussian-shaped sinusoids with a bandwidth of approximately one critical band. The overall pattern of results is qualitatively similar to existing data for long maskers. To facilitate implementation in audio processing algorithms, a dataset provides the measured TF masking function. The second goal was to assess the potential effect of auditory efferents on TF masking using a modeling approach. The temporal window model of masking was used to predict present and existing data in two configurations: (1) with standard model parameters (i.e. without efferents), (2) with cochlear gain reduction to simulate the activation of efferents. The ability of the model to predict the present data was quite good with the standard configuration but highly degraded with gain reduction. Conversely, the ability of the model to predict existing data for long maskers was better with than without gain reduction. Overall, the model predictions suggest that TF masking can be affected by efferent (or other) effects that reduce cochlear gain. Such effects were avoided in the experiment of this study by using maximally-compact stimuli.

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“…Model simulations followed the approach of Jennings and Strickland (2012) and Jennings et al (2014). Briefly, peripheral processing was simulated using the model of Zilany et al (2009), based on cat physiology.…”

Section: Model Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age and hearing loss on overshoot

Jennings

Ahlstrom

Dubno

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The detection of a brief, sinusoidal probe in a long broadband, simultaneous masker improves as the probe is delayed from the masker's onset. This improvement ("overshoot") may be mediated by a reduction in cochlear amplifier gain over the timecourse of the masker via the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex. Overshoot was measured in younger adults with normal hearing and in older adults with normal and impaired hearing to test the hypothesis that aging and cochlear hearing loss result in abnormal overshoot, consistent with changes in certain structures along the MOC pathway. Overshoot decreased with increasing quiet probe thresholds and was only minimally influenced by increasing age. Marked individual differences in overshoot were observed due to differences in masking thresholds for probes presented near the masker's onset. Model simulations support the interpretation that reduced overshoot in hearing-impaired listeners is due to limited cochlear amplifier gain and therefore less gain to adjust over the timecourse of the masker. Similar overshoot among younger and older adults with normal hearing suggests that age-related changes to mechanisms underlying overshoot do not result in significant differences in overshoot among younger and older adults with normal hearing.

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Evaluating the effects of olivocochlear feedback on psychophysical measures of frequency selectivity

Cited by 40 publications

References 74 publications

Effect of broadband and narrowband contralateral noise on psychophysical tuning curves and otoacoustic emissions

Effect of broadband and narrowband contralateral noise on psychophysical tuning curves and otoacoustic emissions

Auditory Time-Frequency Masking for Spectrally and Temporally Maximally-Compact Stimuli

Effects of age and hearing loss on overshoot

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