Evaluating the Extracts of Water Melon Rind, <i>Alayyaho,</i> <i>Yakuwa </i>and <i>Karikashi as remedy </i>for Protein Energy Malnutrition

Abstract

50% of world hungry people live in the third world countries with the worrisome implication among children under age five as a result of malnutrition. This situation persists because cheaper available sources of quality and quantity protein and energy low-cost foods (leaf vegetables and agricultural waste) and simple technologies are not exploited. Result of% yield and mass loss showed loss in mass in the study with Method 3 (with Tsamiya as coagulant) having the least value. The results of chemical composition showed energy content; WRE had the highest value (363.19 Kcal) and least value in KKB (309.63 Kcal). Protein content; YIE had the highest value (33g) and least value in AXT (21g) while carbohydrate content WRE and KKB had the highest value (51.6g) and least value in AXT (44.91g/100g). Result of amino acid profile showed eighteen amino acids (which were higher in quantity than their respective RDA values) of which ten were essential amino acids. The first limiting and second limiting amino acids were methionine and isoleucine respectively. The results of the blood analysis showed albumin value ranged from 3.6 -3.8 (g/dL), Hematocrit parameters (ASA, ALA and creatinine) and all showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between the diets and the control. Cholesterol values were within the normal range (<150 mg/dL). Result of food intake showed that the rats fed the control had the highest value (327 g) and least value in YIE (276g). PER of all the diet were higher than 2.7. Weight gained were between 38-44 g; EFU (34% -48%), NPR (3.2 -4.5) and TD (82% -95%) and showed no significant difference with the control diet. The result of the functional properties showed BD was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), WAC was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), OAC was highest in sample AXT (12.5) and least in sample YIE (6.61), MD was highest in sample WRE (89.65) and least in sample KKB (85.07), EC was highest in sample KKB (9.115) and least in sample WRE (3.25), FS was highest in sample AXT (28.27) and least in sample WRE (20.75) and PS was highest in sample KKB (23.96) and least in sample WRE (20.64). This study showed that the concentrates can support growth and development especially in infants.