Evaluating the factors influencing the friction behavior of paperboard during the deep drawing process

Abstract

Deep drawing of paperboard with rigid tools and immediate compression has only a small presence in the market for secondary packaging solutions due to a lack of understanding of the physical relations that occur during the forming process. As with other processes that deal with interactions between two solids in contact, the control of the factors that affect friction is important due to friction’s impact on runnability and process reliability. A new friction measurement device was developed to evaluate the factors influencing the friction behavior of paperboard such as under the specific conditions of the deep drawing process, which differ from the standard friction testing methods. The tribocharging of the contacting surfaces, generated during sliding friction, was determined to be a major influence on the dynamic coefficient of friction between paperboard and metal. The same effect could be examined during the deep drawing process. With increased contact temperature due to the heating of the tools, the coefficient of friction decreased significantly, but it remained constant after reaching a certain charging state after several repetitions. Consequently, to avoid ruptures of the wall during the forming process, tools that are in contact with the paperboard should be heated.

Evaluation of Frictional Influence and Thermal Analysis of Flexible Paper‐Based Materials Used in the Vertical Form–Fill–Seal Process: An Experimental Study

“…Lenske et al. reported that periodic fluctuations are the result of the tribocharging of surfaces in contact with the sliding surface [20]. Kawashima et al.…”

“…Lenske et al. [20] suggested that cleaning with acetone may accidentally induce triboelectric charges. However, this is likely not possible because acetone was used to eliminate any residual contaminants.…”

“…Previous studies have predominantly focused on the frictional forces of paperboards in forming processes such as deep drawing [18] and press forming [19]. Some of this research includes the ability to improve the influence of friction and formability of paperboards [20,21]. The properties of paper-based materials are mechanically and chemically improved by alternating the fibres and fibre network structures [18].…”

Role of blank moisturisation in press forming of paperboard

“…The paper-to-metal friction was investigated with the friction test rig described by Lenske et al (2017). A paper strip was pulled through a set of friction blocks at controlled velocity, temperature, and contact pressure.…”

“…The friction properties of paperboard with different material pairings, such as aluminium and cellulose film (Kawashima et al 2008), metal and rubber (Deshmukh 2005), stainless steel (Ko et al 2020;Lenske et al 2017), or PTFE foil (Lenske et al 2022) have been investigated. A direct comparison of the obtained values is not possible due to differences in measurement procedures, including normal force, and velocity.…”