Evaluating the generalizability of a fear deficit in psychopathic African American offenders.

Baskin‐Sommers, Arielle; Newman, Joseph P.; Sathasivam, Nina; Curtin, John J.

doi:10.1037/a0021225

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Although this exclusion limits the generalizability of the findings, previous research suggests that non-Caucasian participants generally do not demonstrate similar laboratory correlates of psychopathy as Caucasian psychopathic individuals. In other words, the information processing deficiencies found in Caucasian psychopathic individuals do not appear to generalize to all racial groups (Baskin-Sommers, Newman, Sathasivam, & Curtin, 2010; Kosson, Smith, & Newman, 1990; Lorenz & Newman, 2002; Sullivan & Kosson, 2006; Thornquist & Zuckerman, 1995). Future research should explore difference and similarities between psychophysiological correlates of selective attention in psychopathic individuals as a function of race.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of frontal N100 to psychopathy-related differences in selective attention

Hamilton¹,

Baskin‐Sommers²,

Newman³

2014

Biological Psychology

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Research indicates that psychopathy may be characterized by early attentional abnormalities that undermine the processing of peripheral information during goal-directed activity (Baskin-Sommers & Newman, 2012). Past work has found that psychopathic individuals show reduced interference on the Box Stroop task, in which color names are spatially separated from (i.e., peripheral to) colored stimuli (Hiatt, Schmitt, & Newman, 2004). The present study sought to replicate and extend these findings. A priori predictions were that psychopathy scores would be inversely related to interference and that psychopathy-related differences in Box Stroop conflict processing would emerge at an early stage as measured by event-related potentials (ERP). Results supported both hypotheses. Moreover, the association between the early attention-related component (N100) and interference was moderated by level of psychopathy. These findings suggest that psychopathic individuals have less coordinated responses to conflict than healthy individuals, a conjecture that has implications for information integration and self-regulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of frontal N100 to psychopathy-related differences in selective attention

Hamilton¹,

Baskin‐Sommers²,

Newman³

2014

Biological Psychology

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“…First, in light of research indicating that laboratory findings among European American offenders often do not generalize to African American offenders (Baskin-Sommers, Newman, Sathasivam, & Curtin, 2010), the sample was limited to adult Caucasian prisoners. The sample also consists solely of male prisoners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay of attention and emotion: top-down attention modulates amygdala activation in psychopathy

Larson

Baskin‐Sommers

Stout

et al. 2013

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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111

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Psychopathic behavior has long been attributed to a fundamental deficit in fear that arises from impaired amygdala function. Growing evidence demonstrates that fear potentiated startle (FPS) and other psychopathy-related deficits are moderated by focus of attention but, to date, no work on adult psychopathy has examined attentional modulation of the amygdala, or concomitant recruitment of relevant attention-related circuitry. Consistent with previous FPS findings, here we report that psychopathy-related differences in amygdala activation appear and disappear as a function of goal-directed attention. Specifically, decreased amygdala activity was observed in psychopathic offenders only when attention was engaged in an alternative goal-relevant task prior to presenting threat-relevant information. Under this condition, psychopaths also exhibited greater activation in selective attention regions of the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) than non-psychopaths, and this increased LPFC activation mediated psychopathy’s association with decreased amygdala activation. In contrast, when explicitly attending to threat, amygdala activation in psychopaths did not differ from non-psychopaths. This pattern of amygdala activation highlights the potential role of LPFC in mediating the failure of psychopathic individuals to process fear and other important information when it is peripheral to the primary focus of goal-directed attention.

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“…In the present study, on average, males scored higher than females on all four SRP-III subfactors and self-deceptive enhancement, while females had higher impression management and selfdeception scores. Overall there was a wide distribution of SRP-III total scores, ranging from 72 -297, and the mean is considerably lower than incarcerated populations which has been reported at 180.21 (Baskin-Sommers et al, 2011). However, it is noteworthy that fourteen participants' SRP-III total scores were identified to be 2+SD's above the mean (M = 127.46, SD = 28.52).…”

Section: Comparison Of Sample Normsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Are You Telling The Truth? Psychopathy Assessment and Impression Management in a Community Sample

Freeman¹

2012

TOCRIJ

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Abstract:Objectives: Researchers have suggested that approximately 1% of individuals within the community have psychopathic tendencies (Neumann and Hare, 2008), although confirmatory evidence is scant. Design: The current study aimed to extend previous research beyond university student samples to explore the effect of impression management and self-deception on the identification of psychopathic traits. Methods: A non-incarcerated community sample comprising of 300 adults completed the Self-Reported Psychopathy scale -version 3 (SRP-III; Paulhus, Hemphill & Hare, in press) as well as the Paulhus Deception Scales (PDS; Paulhus, 1998). Results: Results indicated that at least 1% of the current community sample had clear psychopathic tendencies, and that such tendencies were found in younger males who misused alcohol. Conclusions: Importantly, individuals with psychopathic traits did not present with an inflated propensity to distort assessment responses, which provides support for future research endeavours that aim to conduct larger-scale psychopathy assessments within the community. This paper further outlines the study implications in regards to the practical assessment of psychopathy.

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Evaluating the generalizability of a fear deficit in psychopathic African American offenders.

Cited by 40 publications

References 69 publications

Relation of frontal N100 to psychopathy-related differences in selective attention

Relation of frontal N100 to psychopathy-related differences in selective attention

The interplay of attention and emotion: top-down attention modulates amygdala activation in psychopathy

Are You Telling The Truth? Psychopathy Assessment and Impression Management in a Community Sample

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