Evaluating the impact of COVID-19: A cohort comparison study of drug use and risky sexual behavior among sexual minority men in the U.S.A.

Starks, Tyrel J.; Jones, Stephen S.; Sauermilch, Daniel; Benedict, Matthew; Adebayo, Trinae; Cain, Demetria; Simpson, Kit N.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108260

Cited by 79 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of the included studies. These included studies were conducted in various high income countries (HICs) and low-middle income countries (LMICs) ( Figure 2 ): 23% of the studies were done in the United Kingdom [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], 6% in Brazil [ 35 ], 17% in the United States [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], 6% in Wales [ 39 ], 12% in Italy [ 40 , 41 ], 6% in Israel [ 42 ], 6% in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, and other countries [ 43 ], 6% in Turkey [ 44 ], 6% in Belgium [ 45 ], 6% in Poland [ 46 ], and 6% in HICs and LMICs [ 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies showed evidence on the impact of COVID-19 and family planning services [ 36 , 40 , 44 ], six studies reported on COVID-19 impact on maternal and child services [ 31 , 33 , 34 , 44 , 45 , 47 ], and eleven studies reported on COVID-19 and sexual behavior [ 32 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping Evidence of Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Introduction: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly transformed the pre-existing worldwide sexual and reproductive health environment. The provision and supply of contraceptives, and a wide variety of sexual health, new-born, and maternal health services have been seriously affected. Thus, this scoping review mapped the available evidence on the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on sexual and reproductive health. Methods: Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework guided this scoping review. A search was conducted from the following databases: Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, WOS, and AJOL. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) chart and PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist were used to document the review process. The McMaster critical review checklist was used to determine the quality of the included studies. Thematic analyses were conducted using NVivo version 12. Results: Three studies showed evidence on the impact of COVID-19 and family planning services, six studies reported on maternal and child services and eleven studies reported on sexual health (sexual behavior). Limited access to family planning use, reduction in multiple sexual partnership, decreased transactional sex, and maternal and child services disruption were some impacts reported in the included studies. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the impacts of COVID-19 on family planning access, multiple sexual partnership, transactional sex, and disruption of maternal and child health services. Interventions that will consider the immediate availability of and access to all sexual and reproductive health services should be prioritized.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Evidence of Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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“…Meanwhile, there is real concern that sexual distancing is not a durable response to the pandemic. Studies among MSM from early in 2020 demonstrated a reduction in sexual risk–taking behaviors [ 4 , 8 ]. Yet, “quarantine fatigue,” a relaxation of social distancing practices, likely carries over to sexual distancing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave the Yellow Flag: Why We Should Prioritize Routine Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infection Care Now

Eaton

Clement

2021

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…As those reporting fewer partners may still have sexual partners, we explored overall reductions in numbers of all types of sexual partners of 25% and 50% (equivalent to 50% and 100% reduction among 50% of MSM). As two other online surveys of US MSM found no change in numbers of casual sexual partners 18 or slight increases in total but no change in unprotected sexual partner numbers, 17 we also considered scenarios with no change in partner numbers. We modelled observed reductions in PrEP initiations, PrEP use and HIV testing among those on PrEP, based upon a study at a Boston PrEP clinic.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In late April, reduced HIV and STI testing were reported in Baltimore, with many health department staff focussing on the COVID-19 response. 11 MSM in the US – among whom 70% of new HIV infections occur nationally – reported fewer sexual partners because of COVID-19 in two national surveys 2,10 , but slightly increased or stable partner numbers in two other surveys, 17,18 all conducted in April-May 2020. In these surveys, MSM also reported reduced access to HIV testing, 2,17 care 2 and PrEP 2,17 due to COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the potential impact of COVID-19-related disruptions on HIV incidence and mortality among men who have sex with men in the United States: a modelling study

Mitchell

Dimitrov

Silhol

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, gay and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States (US) report similar or fewer sexual partners and reduced HIV testing and care access. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use has declined. We estimated the potential impact of COVID-19 on HIV incidence and mortality among US MSM. Methods: We used a calibrated HIV transmission model for MSM in Baltimore, Maryland, and available data on COVID-19-related disruptions to predict impacts of data-driven reductions in sexual partners(0%,25%,50%), condom use(5%), HIV testing(20%), viral suppression(10%), PrEP initiations(72%), PrEP use(9%) and ART initiations(50%) exploring different disruption durations and magnitudes. We estimated the median (95% credible interval) change in cumulative new HIV infections and deaths among MSM over one and five years, compared with a scenario without COVID-19-related disruptions. Findings: A six-month 25% reduction in sexual partners among Baltimore MSM, without HIV service changes, could reduce new HIV infections by 12.2%(11.7,12.8%) and 3.0%(2.6,3.4%) over one and five years, respectively. In the absence of changes in sexual behaviour, the six-month data-driven disruptions to condom use, testing, viral suppression, PrEP initiations, PrEP use and ART initiations combined were predicted to increase new HIV infections by 10.5%(5.8,16.5%) over one year, and by 3.5%(2.1,5.4%) over five years. A 25% reduction in partnerships offsets the negative impact of these combined service disruptions on new HIV infections (overall reduction 3.9%(-1.0,7.4%), 0.0%(-1.4,0.9%) over one, five years, respectively), but not on HIV deaths (corresponding increases 11.0%(6.2,17.7%), 2.6%(1.5,4.3%)). The predicted impacts of reductions in partnerships or viral suppression doubled if they lasted 12 months or if disruptions were twice as large. Interpretation: Maintaining access to ART and adherence support is of the utmost importance to minimise excess HIV-related mortality due to COVID-19 restrictions in the US, even if accompanied by reductions in sexual partnerships.

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Evaluating the impact of COVID-19: A cohort comparison study of drug use and risky sexual behavior among sexual minority men in the U.S.A.

Abstract: Highlights Marijuana and illegal drug use declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. Condomless anal sex with casual male partners declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. Associations between illegal drug use and sex outcomes were stronger during COVID.

Cited by 79 publications

References 42 publications

Mapping Evidence of Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Scoping Review

Mapping Evidence of Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Scoping Review

Wave the Yellow Flag: Why We Should Prioritize Routine Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infection Care Now

Estimating the potential impact of COVID-19-related disruptions on HIV incidence and mortality among men who have sex with men in the United States: a modelling study

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