Evaluating the impact of operating energy reduction measures on embodied energy

Venkatraj, V.; Dixit, Manish; Yan, Wei; Lavy, Sarel

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110340

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Building emissions are often complicated by trade-offs along the building lifecycle, especially between the embodied emissions (from building materials production) and operational emissions (from indoor energy use) 9 , 20 . Among the strategies considered in this study, more intensive use, more recovery, a faster energy transition, and production efficiency improvements are trade-off-free approaches since they don’t have negative impacts on energy use during building occupation (more intensive use also reduces the operational energy use 70 , 71 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A policy approach that focuses only on in-use emissions may miss important opportunities in construction 5 , 6 . Indeed, there may also be important tradeoffs between pre-use and in-use emissions whereby highly energy-efficient buildings may require more materials in construction 7 – 9 . In 2018, the manufacturing of building materials alone accounted for 11% of global energy- and process-related GHG emissions 2 , as a result of consuming over half of global concrete and brick 10 , some 40% steel 11 , and a large number of other metals and nonmetallic minerals 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global greenhouse gas emissions from residential and commercial building materials and mitigation strategies to 2060

et al. 2021

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Building stock growth around the world drives extensive material consumption and environmental impacts. Future impacts will be dependent on the level and rate of socioeconomic development, along with material use and supply strategies. Here we evaluate material-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for residential and commercial buildings along with their reduction potentials in 26 global regions by 2060. For a middle-of-the-road baseline scenario, building material-related emissions see an increase of 3.5 to 4.6 Gt CO2eq yr-1 between 2020–2060. Low- and lower-middle-income regions see rapid emission increase from 750 Mt (22% globally) in 2020 and 2.4 Gt (51%) in 2060, while higher-income regions shrink in both absolute and relative terms. Implementing several material efficiency strategies together in a High Efficiency (HE) scenario could almost half the baseline emissions. Yet, even in this scenario, the building material sector would require double its current proportional share of emissions to meet a 1.5 °C-compatible target.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global greenhouse gas emissions from residential and commercial building materials and mitigation strategies to 2060

et al. 2021

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“…The main motivations for integrating BIM and energy analysis are the presentation of building geometry and material information [5,6], the integration and visualization of energy-related information [7][8][9], the estimation of energy efficiency [10][11][12][13][14] and the optimization of energy consumption [8,13,[15][16][17]. BIM can be used to optimize building management (operation and maintenance) by aiding building managers, who scan, analyze and process building information in a digitized 3D environment [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the rapid changes in BIM technologies and the integration of BIM and energy analysis at all building life cycle stages, more researcher studies are required. Moreover, industry professionals are required to possess up-to-date knowledge on BIM implementation and research in buildings [11,12,14,17,29,32,[48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How BIM Contributes to a Building’s Energy Efficiency throughout Its Whole Life Cycle: Systematic Mapping

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a systematic mapping (SM) study with the aim to determine how Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodologies and technologies contribute to energy-related analyses over the course of the entire building life cycle. The method adopted in the study is based on a set of seven research questions. We used a mixed technique combining co-citation analysis and bibliographic coupling in order to analyze the publications’ datasets for the period 2010–2020. The main advantage and novelty of this study are that the joint dataset from the Scopus and Web of Science databases was used to develop the keyword map. The main findings of this study indicate that many BIM-based applications can be used to analyze the building energy performance at all stages of the building life cycle. However, the applications of BIM in conjunction with other information technologies are limited and are still in the initial stage. In the future, the main improvements should be focused on process, model, system, tool, use and information modeling. The most promising long-term solution is an open BIM framework based on open standards, which allows the integration of BIM and energy simulation tools and satisfies specific data exchange requirements.

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“…The embodied energy was included as one related factor and measured by the weight of the raw material used. Varusha et al [14] suggested using the EE factor to quantify the trade-off between the embodied and operating energies of a building. The EE factor is calculated as the ratio of operating energy to embodied energy of a proposed building design against the ratio of a base building based on the ASHRAE 2016 benchmark.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Operational Energy Efficiency: A Balanced Sustainability Index from a Life Cycle Consideration

2021

Sustainability

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Most deep energy renovation projects focus only on an operating energy reduction and disregard the added embodied energy derived from adding insulation, window/door replacement, and mechanical system replacement or upgrades. It is important to study and address the balance and trade-offs between reduced operating energy and added embodied energy from a whole life cycle perspective to reduce the overall building carbon footprint. However, the added embodied energy and related environmental impact have not been studied extensively. In response to this need, this paper proposes a holistic sustainability index that balances the trade-off between reduced operating energy and added embodied energy. Eight case projects are used to validate the proposed method and calculation. The findings demonstrate that using a balanced sustainability index can reveal results different from a conventional operating energy-centric approach: (a) operating energy savings can be offset by the embodied energy gain, (b) the operating energy savings do not always result in a life cycle emissions reduction, and (c) the sustainability index can vary depending on the priorities the decision makers give to operating carbon, embodied carbon, and operating cost. Overall, the proposed sustainability score can provide us with a more comprehensive understanding of how sustainable the renovation works are from a life cycle carbon emissions perspective, providing a more robust estimation of global warming potential related to building renovation.

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Evaluating the impact of operating energy reduction measures on embodied energy

Cited by 45 publications

References 138 publications

Global greenhouse gas emissions from residential and commercial building materials and mitigation strategies to 2060

Global greenhouse gas emissions from residential and commercial building materials and mitigation strategies to 2060

How BIM Contributes to a Building’s Energy Efficiency throughout Its Whole Life Cycle: Systematic Mapping

Beyond Operational Energy Efficiency: A Balanced Sustainability Index from a Life Cycle Consideration

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