Evaluating the LoRaWAN Protocol Using a Permanent Outdoor Testbed

Marais, Jaco Morné; Malekian, Reza; Abu‐Mahfouz, Adnan M.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2019.2900735

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The test bed nodes are located between 0.1 km to 5.2 km away from the gateway. As well as looking at packet delivery rates, the performance of ADR was analysed, with a higher delivery rate being achieved when ADR was disabled [36].…”

Section: Lora and Lorawan Test Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRaWAN for Smart City IoT Deployments: A Long Term Evaluation

Basford

Bulot

Apetroaie-Cristea

et al. 2020

Sensors

106

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LoRaWAN is a Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology designed for Internet of Things (IoT) deployments; this paper presents experiences from deploying a city-scale LoRaWAN network across Southampton, UK. This network was deployed to support an installation of air quality monitors and to explore the capabilities of LoRaWAN. This deployment uses a mixture of commercial off-the-shelf gateways and custom gateways. These gateway locations were chosen based on network access, site permission and accessibility, and are not necessarily the best locations theoretically. Over 135,000 messages have been transmitted by the twenty devices analysed. Over the course of the complete deployment, 72.4 % of the messages were successfully received by the data server. Of the messages that were received, 99% were received within 10 s of transmission. We conclude that LoRaWAN is an applicable communication technology for city-scale air quality monitoring and other smart city applications.

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Section: Lora and Lorawan Test Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRaWAN for Smart City IoT Deployments: A Long Term Evaluation

Basford

Bulot

Apetroaie-Cristea

et al. 2020

Sensors

106

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“…The drawback of this approach is that the process demands an ACK DL message for each transmission. Because DL traffic has a negative effect on UL throughput, the PDR decreases as a result [ 29 ]. Future research could look at studying distributed learning of the end nodes.…”

Section: Review Of Adaptive Data Rate Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Adaptive Data Rate Optimization in LoRaWAN: Recent Solutions and Major Challenges

Kufakunesu

Hancke

Abu‐Mahfouz

2020

Sensors

Self Cite

136

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Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is a fast-growing communication system for Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) in the Internet of Things (IoTs) deployments. LoRaWAN is built to optimize LPWANs for battery lifetime, capacity, range, and cost. LoRaWAN employs an Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) scheme that dynamically optimizes data rate, airtime, and energy consumption. The major challenge in LoRaWAN is that the LoRa specification does not state how the network server must command end nodes pertaining rate adaptation. As a result, numerous ADR schemes have been proposed to cater for the many applications of IoT technology, the quality of service requirements, different metrics, and radio frequency (RF) conditions. This offers a challenge for the reliability and suitability of these schemes. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research on ADR algorithms for LoRaWAN technology. First, we provide an overview of LoRaWAN network performance that has been explored and documented in the literature and then focus on recent solutions for ADR as an optimization approach to improve throughput, energy efficiency and scalability. We then distinguish the approaches used, highlight their strengths and drawbacks, and provide a comparison of these approaches. Finally, we identify some research gaps and future directions.

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“…[22] explores its scalability in the context of large-scale sensor networks, commenting that in the usual scenario where the SF with the lowest data rate and largest range is used, collisions deteriorate performance very quickly. [23] presents an evaluation of LoRaWAN using a permanent outdoor deployment, focusing on its adaptive data rate mechanism; results showed that packet delivery ratio can be worse in some cases using this mechanisms, due to oscillations between different SFs in the nodes. [24] provides an experimental study on LPWANs for mobile IoT applications, arguing that mobility impacts LoRaWANs performance significantly even in very low speed scenarios.…”

Section: Previous Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4-Based IoT Deployments Inside School Buildings

et al. 2020

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This work has been supported by the EU research project "European Extreme Performing Big Data Stacks" (E2Data), funded by the European Commission under H2020 and contract number 780245, and the "Green Awareness In Action" (GAIA) project, funded by the European Commission and the EASME under H2020 and contract number 696029. This document reflects only the authors' views and the EC and EASME are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

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Evaluating the LoRaWAN Protocol Using a Permanent Outdoor Testbed

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

LoRaWAN for Smart City IoT Deployments: A Long Term Evaluation

LoRaWAN for Smart City IoT Deployments: A Long Term Evaluation

A Survey on Adaptive Data Rate Optimization in LoRaWAN: Recent Solutions and Major Challenges

A Comparative Study of LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4-Based IoT Deployments Inside School Buildings

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