Evaluating the Multifaceted Impact of Induction Therapy on HbA1c, Quality of Life, Infection Risk, and TNF Levels in Acute Leukemia Patients

Abstract

Aim The cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effect of induction chemotherapy on HbA1c levels in non-diabetic Acute leukaemia patients and its association with risk of infection and Quality of Life.Methods The study involved four groups with distinct timelines for sample collection, i.e. before induction chemotherapy, within 7 days, within 14 days, and within 30 days after treatment initiation. Participants were screened based on specific criteria, and written informed consent was obtained. Quality of life, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), and TNF alpha levels were assessed.Results The second week following the initiation of induction therapy for acute leukemia is characterized by elevated levels of TNF alpha, and increased risk of infection. However, these parameters tend to normalize after approximately 30 days of commencing the induction therapy. No significant change in HbA1c was observed between the initiation of induction therapy and 30 days after initiation. Additionally, a weak positive correlation between HbA1c and TNF alpha was observed (r = 0.072, p > 0.05), suggesting a non-significant association between blood sugar levels and inflammation. Quality of life assessments showed that patients experienced notably improved overall health outcomes within 30 days of treatment initiation while exhibiting significantly higher global and functional scores on the EORTC QLQ C30 scale.Conclusion During the initial stages of chemotherapy for acute leukemia, it is crucial for medical professionals to consistently monitor the blood glucose levels and the presence of infections in patients and provide appropriate interventions as needed.