Evaluating the Operational Effect of Narrow Lanes and Shoulders for the Highway Capacity Manual

Kondyli, Alexandra; Hale, Douglas A.; Asgharzadeh, Mohamadamin; Schroeder, Bastian J; Jia, Anxi; Bared, Joe

doi:10.1177/0361198119849064

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Because early CAV adoption is expected to be for heavy trucks (Hummer 2020), lighter vehicles were analysed as having no or only partial autonomy. Existing research on reduced lane widths for motorways (Kondyli, Hale et al 2019), coupled with industry guidance for using narrow lanes for temporary traffic management (Gregg 2007), were used to produce sub-standard, but feasible, lane widths. Also, innovative cross-section solutions were developed purposefully for this research, allowing the special wheel tracking capabilities (uniform and zero-wheel wander) of CATs to be accounted for.…”

Section: Stage 2 -Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redesigning Highway Infrastructure Systems for Connected Autonomous Truck Lanes

Jehanfo

Kaparias

et al. 2022

J. Transp. Eng., Part A: Systems

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Previous studies on connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) examined pavement performance and lane widths separately and in isolation, and without consideration for roadworks conditions. Hence, this study sort a holistic, optimal highway design solution for Connected Autonomous Trucks (CATs) by testing pavement failure and traffic performance under different cross-sectional configurations incorporating dedicated CAT lane, for both normal and temporary traffic management (TTM) arrangements. Firstly, a dual three-lane motorway (D3M) was selected as Base Case site. Next, previous research on sub-standard lanes were used to produce five non-standard cross-section alternatives, which were then modelled in 3D AutoCAD ® . Capital investments to implement the alternatives were calculated by applying established industry construction cost models. Each cross-section was then subjected to different CATs penetration rates (PRs) and wheel wander regimes, and their pavement structural deterioration analysed using the Texas Mechanistic-Empirical Asphalt Concrete Pavement Design and Analysis System (TxME) software. From this, maintenance frequencies and costs were determined. The study estimated delays and delay costs during TTM, over a 20-year design period. Finally, initial investment, rehabilitation and delay costs were combined. It was found that the lowest life-cycle cost (LCC) of £19,091,470 occurred for high (80%) CAT PR operating under Standard D3M, while the highest LCC of £152,728,100 was also for high PR, but under Substandard D4M. Optimal LCC was found to change with different PRs. Hence cross-sections should be dynamically modifiable, given the anticipated gradual increase in PRs over time.

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Section: Stage 2 -Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redesigning Highway Infrastructure Systems for Connected Autonomous Truck Lanes

Jehanfo

Kaparias

et al. 2022

J. Transp. Eng., Part A: Systems

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“…Kondyli et al. found a 22% drop in capacity in case of incidents or adverse weather; however, the authors did not distinguish between the two events ( 7 ). Finally, HCM6 suggested capacity adjustments in case of incidents, based on the number of lane closures on urban freeways (Table 1) (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They proposed two linear regression models to estimate incident capacity and capacity reduction under incident conditions as a function of incident category, total number of lanes, and number of closed lanes. Kondyli et al found a 22% drop in capacity in case of incidents or adverse weather; however, the authors did not distinguish between the two events (7). Finally, HCM6 suggested capacity adjustments in case of incidents, based on the number of lane closures on urban freeways (Table 1) (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Effect of Rain and Incidents on Freeway Capacity and Free-Flow Speed

Alsharari

Asgharzadeh

Kondyli

2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This research aims to examine the effect of incidents with lane closures and adverse weather conditions (medium to heavy rain intensity) on capacity and free-flow speed (FFS) of freeway segments. Data were collected from multiple freeway segments located in the Kansas City, U.S., metro area from 2014 to 2018. The capacity and FFS were measured for two-lane, three-lane, and four-lane freeways under four conditions: ( 1 ) base conditions, ( 2 ) adverse weather only, ( 3 ) incidents only, and ( 4 ) adverse-weather-and-incidents. Capacity adjustment factors (CAF), and speed adjustment factors (SAF) were established to identify the remaining capacity or the FFS reduction during an incident or adverse weather conditions. The findings indicated that medium to heavy rain resulted in a 5% reduction in FFS at three-lane sites which is consistent with the adjustment factors shown in the Highway Capacity Manual 6th edition (HCM6); however, rain was not found to have a significant impact on freeway capacity. It was also found that incidents leading to one-lane closures reduced capacities by 30%, 17%, and 17% at two-lane, three-lane, and four-lane sites, respectively. Incidents were also found to reduce FFS by approximately 5%–10%, possibly because of “rubbernecking.” Adjustment factors that capture the combined effect of incidents and rain on FFS and capacity are also presented.

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“…Shackel et al conducted a study based on urban road observations and found that overtaking speed is influenced by road infrastructure and vehicle types, with wider lane widths often leading to increased overtaking speeds. 7,8 Kondyli et al 13 discovered that reducing lane and shoulder width has a significant effect on free-flow speeds, with a decrease of 1 m/h for every foot of width reduction. Godley et al 14 and other researchers found that narrowing the lane width to 3.0 m is an effective method for reducing driving speed compared to wider lanes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of vehicle lateral position characteristics and passenger cars' special lane width on expressways

Chen,

Wu,

Dai

et al. 2023

Engineering Reports

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Lane width is crucial for traffic safety management. Previous studies have shown that inappropriate width will lead to an increase in accident probability and unsafe driving behaviors. However, there have been limited studies on determination method of special lane width for different models, especially for passenger cars. To tackle this problem, the lateral driving behavior characteristics of the expressway need to be clarified. This work aims to obtain the appropriate lane width according to the vehicles' width and lateral position characteristics. In this study, the lane lateral residual width (the distance between the vehicle body's contour and the lane marking on the same side) and the lateral safety margin are extracted as characterization indices of vehicle lateral characteristics from natural driving trajectory data of expressways. The effect of vehicle type, driving speed, and lane position on the expressway's trajectory behavior is investigated. The results show that the utilization rate of lane width is higher in the outer lane compared to the inner lane. As driving speed increases, vehicles in the inner and middle lanes exhibit shy away effect, moving away from obstacles. Substantial variations exist in the lateral width of lanes among different vehicle types. When driving in the same lane, passenger cars' lane lateral residual width that is 0.4–0.5 m wider than that of heavy vehicles. The recommended lane width for the safe operation of trucks on expressways is 3.75 m. After a comprehensive analysis of vehicle width, trajectory oscillation, and lateral safety margin, this study proposes a minimum lane width of 3.25 m and a recommended general width of 3.5 m for a passenger car‐only expressway. This study holds great significance in enhancing road safety and provides a valuable theoretical foundation for the design of lane width in a passenger car‐only expressway.

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Evaluating the Operational Effect of Narrow Lanes and Shoulders for the Highway Capacity Manual

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Redesigning Highway Infrastructure Systems for Connected Autonomous Truck Lanes

Redesigning Highway Infrastructure Systems for Connected Autonomous Truck Lanes

Estimation of the Effect of Rain and Incidents on Freeway Capacity and Free-Flow Speed

A study of vehicle lateral position characteristics and passenger cars' special lane width on expressways

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