Evaluating the potential impact of vaginal microbicides to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV in female sex workers

Smith, Robert J.; Bodine, Erin; Wilson, David; Blower, Sally

doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000161771.44276.92

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Globally, almost 50% of the HIVinfected population are women and the proportion is increasing over time, especially in young people (Quinn & Overbaugh, 2005). Preventive interventions, such as microbicides under the control of women therefore represent a promising approach to limiting the spread of HIV (Keller et al, 2003;Van Damme, 2004;Balzarini & Van Damme, 2005;Smith et al, 2005;Dhawan & Mayer, 2006).…”

confidence: 99%

“…The potential role of microbicides in pre-exposure settings is clearly recognized (Keller et al, 2003;Balzarini & Van Damme, 2005;Smith et al, 2005;Lederman et al, 2006); however, once freely available in the general population, microbicides will also be used after high-risk exposure. Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of candidate microbicides in both pre-and post-exposure settings.…”

confidence: 99%

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In VitroPre- and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Using HIV Inhibitors as Microbicides Against Cell-Free or Cell-Associated HIV-1 Infection

Terrazas-Aranda

Herrewege

Lewi

et al. 2007

Antivir Chem Chemother

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Several classes of microbicides are being evaluated for the prevention of sexual HIV transmission.In vivo, the infectious dose and viral source involved in transmission remain uncertain and it is likely that women will use microbicides both before and after high-risk HIV exposure. Therefore, we evaluated HIV entry inhibitors (EIs) and reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) for their ability to block cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 infection in co-cultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MO-DC) and CD4 + T-cells using settings of pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis. In the pre-exposure assay, where compound was present before, during and 24 h after infection, all tested EIs (BMS806, TAK779 and T20) and RTIs (PMPA, TMC120 and UC781) blocked infection with 10 -4 multiplicity of infection (MOI) of cell-free virus at a dose between 100 and 10,000 nM, dependent on the compound used. At 10 -3 MOI, however, only T20 and the RTIs completely blocked infection. Furthermore, in experiments with cell-associated virus, EIs were ineffective, whereas RTIs actively blocked infection with similar potency as in the experiments with cell-free virus. In the post-exposure assay, where compound was added 2 h after infection and remained present for 24 h, EIs were inactive whereas RTIs blocked cellfree and cell-associated viral infections equally efficiently. Moreover, post-exposure prophylaxis initiated 24 h after infection with cell-free or cellassociated HIV-1 was still effective with 1,000 nM of TMC120. Both EIs and RTIs were non-cytotoxic at any tested concentration for MO-DC and CD4 + T-cells in co-culture. Our study shows that RTIs are potent inhibitors of cell-free and cell-associated virus used either in pre-or post-exposure settings. It highlights that parameters such as viral input, viral source, the time of compound addition and the target cells should be considered in microbicides evaluation.

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confidence: 99%

In VitroPre- and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Using HIV Inhibitors as Microbicides Against Cell-Free or Cell-Associated HIV-1 Infection

Terrazas-Aranda

Herrewege

Lewi

et al. 2007

Antivir Chem Chemother

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“…The same gendered power relations that However, disease control research continues to measure sexual behaviour at the individual level through the use of KABP surveys, or through models which see behaviour as individual, voluntary, and rational (Bajos, 1997;Bajos & Marquet, 2000;Bloor, Barnard, Finlay, & McKegany, 1993;Rhodes & Cusick, 2000;Van Campenhoudt, Cohen, Guizzardi, & Hausser, 1997 & Guest, 2005). Since any new product is likely to be less effective than the male condom (Foss, Vickerman, Watts, & Heise, 2002;Smith, Bodine, Wilson, & Blower, 2005), and hierarchical messages promoting concurrent use are already being formed, social research on the combined dynamics of condom and microbicide use are all the more urgent.…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of partnership dynamics in determining the acceptability of condoms and microbicides

et al. 2008

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“…Microbicides which are 60% effective in reducing the risk of acquiring HIV could prevent 3.7 million infections within 3 years [17,18]. In resourcelimited settings, most women do not have the social or economic power necessary to insist on condom use and fidelity or to abandon partnerships that put them at risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impact of Male Circumcision, Condom Use, and Microbicides on the Dynamics of HIV/AIDS

Elias

Tchuenche

2012

ISRN Biomathematics

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HIV/AIDS remains an important global cause of morbidity and mortality. While medical male circumcision and condom and microbicides use hold great promise for helping to stem the tide of new HIV infections, theoretically providing further evidence of the potential long-term population-level benefit of their combined effects is viable. A deterministic sex-structured model is formulated, the expected lifetime disease reproductive output of an individual (or epidemiological birth) is determined, and the stability of steady states is investigated. To complement HIV treatment with antiretrovirals, which is not yet fully accessible to all those in need, microbicides and nontherapeutic measures such as male circumcision and condoms provide additional potential impact on curtailing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

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Evaluating the potential impact of vaginal microbicides to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV in female sex workers

Cited by 40 publications

References 36 publications

In VitroPre- and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Using HIV Inhibitors as Microbicides Against Cell-Free or Cell-Associated HIV-1 Infection

In VitroPre- and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Using HIV Inhibitors as Microbicides Against Cell-Free or Cell-Associated HIV-1 Infection

The role of partnership dynamics in determining the acceptability of condoms and microbicides

Potential Impact of Male Circumcision, Condom Use, and Microbicides on the Dynamics of HIV/AIDS

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