Evaluating the relative resistance of different poultry breeds to Salmonella Typhimurium

Abstract

Salmonella infections originating from poultry are one of the major causes of food-borne diseases. To control Salmonella in poultry multifactorial approach is likely to be effective, and genetic resistance of poultry breeds to Salmonella infections may have valuable contribution. Experimental research was conducted to evaluate relative resistance of poultry breeds: Local, Fayoumi and Koekoek to Salmonella Typhimurium from November 2012 to May 2013. Total of 48 chicks were taken and half from each was randomly allocated to treatment and control groups. Treatment groups were orally infected with 10 7-9 S. Typhimurium at two week's age. Samples were taken from week one post infection and continued every week till week four. Liver, spleen and lung were considered to determine relative bacterial loads and feces were added to identify S. Typhimurium. Highest bacterial load was found in Koekoek (1.95 log CFU/ gram) breeds than Local (0.71 log CFU/ gram) and Fayoumi (1.00 log CFU/ gram) breeds (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference of bacterial load between Local and Fayoumi was found. There was significant bacterial load difference among liver (2.01 log CFU/ gram), lung (0.95 log CFU/ gram) and spleen (0.69 log CFU/ gram). According to bacterial growth on XLD, Koekoek was found to be 4.26 times more susceptible to Local breed. There was no statistically significant difference between Local and Fayoumi breeds. In conclusion, local breeds were relatively found to be the most resistant among the three poultry breeds to S. Typhimurium.

Identification of SNPs Related to Salmonella Resistance in Chickens Using RNA-Seq and Integrated Bioinformatics Approach

“…In our pilot study, we found the bacterial load in the resistant chicken breed ( K. favorella ) was lower than the bacterial load in the susceptible chicken breed (broiler). Our studies were in accordance with the previous studies, which showed the bacterial load in the local chicken was lower than other chicken breeds [ 39 , 40 ]. K. favorella showed minor lesions in the liver and spleen while the broiler chicken showed major necrotic lesions.…”

“…Resistance to salmonellosis in chicken greatly varies among the chicken line [ 52 ]. Due to breed differences, there is significant genetic heterogeneity in chicken for resistance to S. typhimurium [ 39 ].…”

Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica in Poultry in South Africa Using the Farm-to-Fork Approach

“…Salmonella was detected two weeks postinfection, suggesting that the immunity of young chicks can provide early protection. However, over time, at four weeks, a decline was observed, indicating that resistance to Salmonella infection by older chickens may be associated with the activation of cellular and humoral immunity [ 43 ]. This scenario may provide information on the immune status of the poultry flock evaluated in our study.…”