Evaluating the usability of two salutogenic instruments on health and work experience, using cognitive interviewing

Abstract

Workplace surveys are used in workplace health promotion as a basis for improvements at the workplace. But there is lack of psychometrically and qualitatively validated work-health related instruments with a salutogenic approach. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the two instruments, the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale and the Work Experience Measurement Scale, among staff of different professions in a healthcare setting. These instruments were evaluated with cognitive interviews conducted at a hospital in Sweden. The respondents were purposefully selected from various criteria such as profession, age, and sex (N ¼ 14). The respondents read the items aloud and then spoke about how they experienced the items. A deductive (partly inductive) content analysis was done from Tourangeau's four concepts of respondent actions: comprehension, retrieval, judgment, and response. Two main categories emerged: (1) interpreting and (2) responding, and an additional six subcategories: difficulty, essence, direction, keywords, strategy, and alternatives. The results showed strengths and weaknesses of the instruments. The results were discussed from various validity aspects: face validity, content validity, and user validity. The validity aspects were connected to concepts of respondent actions as well as to questionnaire and respondent factors for motivation.

Associations between paramedics' salutogenic health experience and the intention to stay in the profession: A cross‐sectional survey

“…The overall internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.92) (Bringsén et al, 2009). Further validation using cognitive interviews (n = 14) confirmed its high qualitative validity (Nilsson Lindström et al, 2018). The SHIS-FI has recently been validated in Finnish care workers (n = 2117), showing excellent internal consistency (α = 0.94) (Hult & Välimäki, 2023).…”

An Integrated Approach to Workplace Mental Health: A Scoping Review of Instruments That Can Assist Organizations with Implementation

“…Alignment with integrated approach domains: determining whether an instrument can assess 'prevent harm', 'promote the positive', 'respond to problems' or all three domains: The FlourishDX and Guarding Minds at Work resources were the only instruments located that were relevant to all three domains of an integrated approach to workplace mental health [25,26]. A total of 8% of instruments were relevant to multiple domains, being 'prevent harm' and 'promote the positive' (n = 6) [27][28][29][30][31][32] and 'prevent harm' and 'respond to problems' (n = 2) [33,34]. No instruments, aside from FlourishDX and Guarding Minds at Work, were relevant to the 'promote the positive' and 'respond to problems' domains together.…”

“…The Canadian National Standard exemplifies one integrated approach that has already been employed in policy and practice in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries [6,7,133]. Six other instruments were relevant to the 'prevent harm' and 'promote the positive' domains, with some crossover observed during the mapping exercise [27][28][29][30][31][32]. It was noticeable, when reviewing these instruments, that a scale for assessing a psychosocial hazard, such as poor social support, may also be suitable for assessing the presence of a positive factor, such as social capital.…”

Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale

“…In conclusion, the motivation for translating the SHIS in this study can be justified based on its robust psychometric properties, comprehensive assessment of salutogenic factors and practical considerations supported by relevant literature (Bringsén et al, 2009;Hult & Valimaki, 2023;Nilsson Lindström et al, 2018;Persson et al, 2018). In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the SHIS, which was developed by Bringsén et al (2009), among a sample of Turkish university students in terms of its ability to account for psychosocial dimensions, capacities and health resources.…”

“…In the literature, several tools have been identified for measuring salutogenic health (Becker et al, 2008, 2009; Van Vliet et al, 2021). Various studies have demonstrated the robust psychometric properties and validity of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) (Hult & Valimaki, 2023; Nilsson Lindström et al, 2018). Nilsson Lindström et al (2018) conducted cognitive interviews to assess the validity of the SHIS, and the results indicated its high validity from a qualitative perspective.…”