Evaluating Thin-Layer Sediment Placement as a Tool for Enhancing Tidal Marsh Resilience: a Coordinated Experiment Across Eight US National Estuarine Research Reserves

Raposa, Kenneth B.; Woolfolk, Andrea; Endris, Charles A.; Fountain, Monique C.; Moore, Gregg E.; Tyrrell, Megan C.; Swerida, Rebecca; Lerberg, Scott; Puckett, Brandon; Ferner, Matthew C.; Hollister, Jeffrey W.; Burdick, David M.; Champlin, Lena K.; Krause, Johannes R.; Haines, Dustin F.; Gray, Andrew B.; Watson, E. B.; Wasson, Kerstin

doi:10.1007/s12237-022-01161-y

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, Raposa et al. (2023) found contrasting results in these same plots. Specifically, although they didn't measure biomass directly, they found that vegetation cover was not significantly different between control and TLP plots and that overall vegetation cover was greater in the TLP plots than the initial conditions (before TLP was applied).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Raposa et al. (2023) found that while TLP was effective at increasing biomass, vegetation regrowth was dominated by Spartina alterniflora as opposed to other high marsh meadow species such as Spartina patens, Juncus geradii, and Distichilis spicata. Spartina alterniflora have complex aerenchyma tissue systems for enhanced gas exchange between the roots and shoots which allows this species to persist in flooded conditions (Jackson & Armstrong, 1999; Maricle & Lee, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding how these efforts impact fundamental biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem services is key to designing interventions that have positive societal benefits. While TLP has shown promise in boosting elevation which allows vegetation to regrow at comparable densities (Payne et al., 2021; Raposa et al., 2023; Vanzomeren & Piercy, 2020), it remains largely unknown how TLP will impact GHG dynamics of salt marshes. This study helps to fill this knowledge gap and offers insight into how TLP alters GHG, vegetation, and edaphic condition dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the vegetation that has regrown since the sediment addition is fully established (both above and belowground), then we would anticipate enhanced oxygenation of the root zone allowing more CH 4 oxidation (Al‐Haj & Fulweiler, 2020; Laanbroek, 2010). Additionally, CH 4 emissions might decrease because sediment amendments typically have lower organic matter content than the natural marsh sediment (Raposa et al., 2023). Alternatively, enhanced productivity from vegetation regrowth could provide more labile organic substrate which could increase methane through methanogenesis (Al‐Haj & Fulweiler, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another adaptation practice is sediment addition, sometimes referred to as thin layer placement of sediment (TLP). In TLP, sediment is added to the marsh surface to increase elevation, allowing vegetation to recolonize and further stabilize the marsh platform (Raposa et al., 2020; Schrift et al., 2008; Slocum et al., 2005). Various forms of sediment addition to marshes (ranging from experimental plots to ecosystem scale) have been deployed in Europe and throughout the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sediment Addition Leads to Variable Responses in Temperate Salt Marsh Greenhouse Gas Fluxes During the Growing Season

Bartolucci,

Fulweiler

2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Salt marshes play an important role in coastal carbon cycling. Unfortunately, these systems are threatened by sea level rise. One strategy to increase the resilience of marshes is thin‐layer placement of sediment (TLP). While TLP can boost elevation, little is known about how TLP alters greenhouse gas fluxes. We addressed this knowledge gap by measuring greenhouse gas fluxes in TLP plots that received either 7 cm (TLP‐7 cm) or 14 cm of added sediment (TLP‐14 cm), control plots that received no sediment, and reference plots that served as elevation end goal targets for the TLP plots. We found that mean (± standard error) CO2 uptake was comparable between control and TLP plots (control: −25.84 ± 2.46; TLP‐7 cm: −24.44 ± 3.32; TLP‐14 cm: −23.18 ± 2.08 mmol m−2 hr−1) and significantly less in reference plots (−9.54 ± 2.98 mmol m−2 hr−1). However, TLP plots (TLP‐7 cm: 35.74 ± 12.70, TLP‐14 cm: 19.79 ± 3.47 μmol m−2 hr−1) emitted up to 7 to 22 times more CH4 compared to control (5.77 ± 0.74 μmol m−2 hr−1) and reference (1.63 ± 0.75 μmol m−2 hr−1) plots, respectively. N2O fluxes from the TLP plots exhibited both uptake (TLP‐7 cm) and emission (TLP‐ 14 cm). Overall, the marsh remained a net greenhouse gas sink, at least during the times we measured—during the day and throughout the growing season. This research demonstrates the dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes in marshes amended with sediment and highlights the need for future diel and annual measurements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Sediment Addition Leads to Variable Responses in Temperate Salt Marsh Greenhouse Gas Fluxes During the Growing Season

Bartolucci,

Fulweiler

2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Suboptimal Rootzone Growth Prevents Long Island (NY) Salt Marshes from Keeping Pace with Sea Level Rise

Maher,

Starke

2023

Estuaries and Coasts

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Salt marsh habitat loss and conversion are well documented across the marine-coastal district of New York. Regionally, these losses are characterized by marsh edge erosion, ditch and creek widening, internal ponding, and conversion from irregularly flooded marsh to regularly flooded marsh and intertidal mudflats. These changes in horizontal extent and shifts in vegetation composition suggest that NY’s salt marshes may not be keeping pace with sea level rise. To evaluate elevation building processes, deep rod surface elevation tables, marker horizons, and shallow rod surface elevation tables (SET-MHs and shallow RSETs) were installed as a network across Long Island, NY. Contributions of surface, shallow subsurface, and deeper processes to overall elevation changes were observed from 2008 to 2022. Using a linear mixed model approach, surface accretion, shallow subsurface rootzone growth, and deeper below-ground processes were evaluated against regional sea level rise, nutrient loading, and marsh area trends. We found that marshes on Long Island are not keeping pace with sea level rise because they lack vertical elevation growth within the rootzone. Optimizing conditions for belowground growth of native salt marsh plants and preservation of organic matter within the peat matrix is key for restoring salt marshes to a positive elevation trajectory relative to sea level rise. Much like a retirement savings account, knowing whether our marshes are increasing in elevation is important, but understanding the full suite of deposits and withdrawals is critical for managing this valuable resource for the future.

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Understanding the Fate of Jug Bay Tidal Freshwater Marshes Under Current Relative Sea Level Rise Conditions

Delgado,

Howard,

Waters

2024

Estuaries and Coasts

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Evaluating Thin-Layer Sediment Placement as a Tool for Enhancing Tidal Marsh Resilience: a Coordinated Experiment Across Eight US National Estuarine Research Reserves

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Sediment Addition Leads to Variable Responses in Temperate Salt Marsh Greenhouse Gas Fluxes During the Growing Season

Sediment Addition Leads to Variable Responses in Temperate Salt Marsh Greenhouse Gas Fluxes During the Growing Season

Suboptimal Rootzone Growth Prevents Long Island (NY) Salt Marshes from Keeping Pace with Sea Level Rise

Understanding the Fate of Jug Bay Tidal Freshwater Marshes Under Current Relative Sea Level Rise Conditions

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