Evaluation and Antimicrobial Activity of Herbal Nanoemulgel Combination of NButanol Extracts of Centella asiatica and Sapindus rarak and Seed Oil of Azadirachta indica

Abstract

According to previous research, giving gotu kola extract as much as 20 mg/kg body weight can act as an antifertility that affects the morphology and motility of spermatozoa. 6 Sapindus rarak plant (Sapindus rarak DC) contains saponins. Nbutanol fraction of Sapindus rarak fruit at a dose of 200 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL for 1 minute produced spermatozoa with average percentage motility of 17.23% and 4.5%, while at a dose of 600 μg/mL for 1 minute, can cause all spermatozoa to become immotile or die with zero percentage motility. 7 Neem seeds (Azadirachta indica) oil contain active pesticide substances, namely azadirakhtin, which reaches 0.1-0.5% (average 0.25%) of the dry weight of neem seeds. Administration of neem seed ethanol extract with concentrations of 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% showed decreased spermatozoa activity. Administration of neem seed ethanol extract with a concentration of 16% showed maximum antifertility effect. 8,9 Spermicides containing the extract's active ingredient Nanotechnology-based nanoemulgels are a strategy to improve the effectiveness of intravaginal drug delivery related to biodegradability in the vaginal mucus, penetration, better stability, and faster release of active ingredients. The intravaginal route is used to develop nanoemulgel spermicides with a size of 10-600 nm. 4 In this study, physicochemical characteristics and activity tests of herbal nanoemulgel preparations will be carried out in combination with Nbutanol Centella asiatica extract, N-butanol Sapindus rarak extract, and Azadirachta indica seed oil to obtain optimal results with the Model Response Surface (MRS) method. Materials and Methods MaterialsThe instruments and tools used in this research are a rotary evaporator (DLAB RE 100-PRO), a waterbath (DLAB DWB20-S), an Ultra Turrax IKA T25, a particle size analyzer (PSA), a zetasizer (Malvern), a pH