Evaluation and comparison of xylazine hydrochloride and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for the induction of emesis in cats: 47 cases (2007–2013)

Willey, Jennifer L.; Julius, Tracy M.; Claypool, Sean-Paul A; Clare, Monica C.

doi:10.2460/javma.248.8.923

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Reported success rates range from 43% to 100% depending on the selected alpha‐2 agent and dose . The variability in emesis response rates are also affected by individual sensitivity of cats to the agent . As new and safer sedatives have become available, medetomidine and xylazine may not be stocked and available for many practitioners.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Alpha‐2‐agonists have been used extensively for emesis in cats administered IM, IV, SQ, and oral transmucosal . This effect is mediated via the alpha‐2 adrenoceptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may partially explain the reason for comparably more emetic events in the dexmedetomidine group compared to the hydromorphone group in the present study. Reported success rates range from 43% to 100% depending on the selected alpha‐2 agent and dose . The variability in emesis response rates are also affected by individual sensitivity of cats to the agent .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available emetics for cats are limited to the alpha‐2‐agonists, xylazine, and dexmedetomidine. Emesis efficacy with xylazine is unreliable with reported success ranging from 43% to 100% . Recently, dexmedetomidine was found to be a useful emetic in cats with success rates approaching 81% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emesis efficacy with xylazine is unreliable with reported success ranging from 43% to 100% . Recently, dexmedetomidine was found to be a useful emetic in cats with success rates approaching 81% . However, the sedative effects of alpha‐2‐agonists are typically undesirable and may pose a danger to cats that are going to vomit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for emesis induction in cats

Nystrom

Odunayo

Okafor

2019

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective To compare the efficacy of hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine at inducing emesis in cats. Design Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study. Setting Veterinary university teaching hospital. Animals 12 healthy purpose‐bred cats. Interventions Cats were randomly assigned to receive hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or dexmedetomidine (7 μg/kg, IM). Following administration, the incidences of emesis, number of emetic events, signs of nausea (hypersalivation, lip licking), temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and sedation score were recorded for 6 hours. Measurements and Main Results Emesis was successful in 9 of 12 (75%) cats when treated with hydromorphone and in 7 of 12 (58%) cats when treated with dexmedetomidine (P = 0.67). Dexmedetomidine was more likely to cause sedation than hydromorphone (P < 0.001). Heart rate in cats was significantly decreased at 1 and 2 hours post‐hydromorphone (P = 0.003, 0.014, respectively) and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 hours post‐dexmedetomidine (P = 0.001, 0.003, 0.038, 0.013, 0.001, respectively). Cats were more likely to develop an increase in body temperature with hydromorphone administration although this was not clinically significant. Conclusions Results of the present study indicate that hydromorphone is an effective alternative to dexmedetomidine for the induction of emesis in cats. Hydromorphone appears to cause less sedation and less decrease in heart rate. Further investigation into the most adequate dose of hydromorphone for optimizing emesis is warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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