Evaluation and Modifications of Media for Enumeration of Clostridium perfringens

Hauschild, A. H. W.; Hilsheimer, R.

doi:10.1128/aem.27.1.78-82.1974

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…perfringens and culturally similar species studied here included both standard reference strains and fresh isolates from faeces, foods and soil samples. In general, the results obtained have confirmed the adequacy of the tests proposed by Hauschild & Hilsheimer (1974a, 6 ) for distinguishing Cl. perfringens from other clostridia growing on selective isolation media in current use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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A Study of Rapid and Simplified Confirmatory Tests for Clostridium perfringens

Mead¹,

León

Adams³

1981

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Strains of Clostridium perfringens and culturally similar species which also may grow on selective isolation media for this organism were examined by conventional confirmatory tests, the API ZYM system and by individual tests for phosphatase and glutamic acid decarboxylase activity. API ZYM tests, involving 19 different enzymes, confirmed the known similarity between Cl. perfringens, Cl. absonum, Cl. paraperfringens and Cl. sardiniensis but effectively distinguished this group from Cl. bifermentans, Cl. celatum, Cl. perenne and Cl. sordellii. A similar separation was achieved by a single test for acid phosphatase which could be applied to individual colonies on a plating medium. Because the acid phosphatase test was found to be of greater value than nitrate reduction in distinguishing Cl. perfringens, it could replace the latter in the usual series of confirmatory tests. It is suggested that strains from Cl. perfringens isolation media should be screened for acid phosphatase activity at the purification stage and only positive strains subjected to further tests. It was found that Cl. perfringens could not be distinguished from the other species on the basis of glutamate decarboxylase activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Tests for motility, nitrate reduction, lactose fermentation and gelatin liquefaction were carried out as described by Hauschild & Hilsheimer (1974a, h).…”

Section: Conventional Conjirmatory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Rapid and Simplified Confirmatory Tests for Clostridium perfringens

Mead¹,

León

Adams³

1981

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…perfringens colonies is difficult due to these spreading organisms. Hauschild and Hilsheimer (1974) determined that TSC lacked the required selectivity to differentiate Cl. perfringens from other clostridia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an alternative method for the enumeration and confirmation of Clostridium perfringens from treated and untreated sewages

Wohlsen

Bayliss

Gray

et al. 2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: Clostridium perfringens is recommended as a suitable indicator bacterium for human enteric viruses, Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in finished water and in the assessment and evaluation of water treatment. Several agars and confirmation procedures were evaluated in parallel with the Australian/New Zealand Standard (AS/NZ) Method for the enumeration of Cl. perfringens from treated and untreated sewage samples. Methods and Results: The current AS/NZ method utilizes tryptose sulfite cycloserine agar (TSC), lactose gelatin medium (LG) and nitrate motility medium (NM) at an incubation temperature of 37°C. Sixty treated and untreated sewage samples were used to evaluate TSC agar, membrane Cl. perfringens agar (mCP), Perfringens agar (OPSP) and Perfringens agar with 4‐methylumbelliferyl phosphate (OPSP–MUP) for enumeration of Clostridium. An incubation temperature of 44°C for 24 h was used for comparison. Confirmation procedures were also evaluated using 103 isolates and included LG and NM, ortho‐nitrophenyl‐β‐d‐galactopyranoside (ONPG) with MUP (ONPG–MUP) and phosphatase reagent (PR). OPSP compared favourably with TSC agar. One false negative result was obtained from each of the LG/NM and ONPG–MUP procedures. No false results were obtained using the PR confirmation procedure. Conclusions: OPSP agar and PR were determined as suitable replacements for the AS/NZ Standard procedure with no interference from spreading organisms. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is a simple and rapid method for isolating and enumerating Cl. perfringens from sewage samples and confirmed results can be reported more quickly due to shorter analytical turnaround times.

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“…Fung's Double-tube (FDT) method, which makes use of tryptose sulfite cycloserine agar medium without egg yolk enrichment as basal medium (EY-free TSC; Hauschild and Hilsheimer 1974). was used for enumeration and isolation of C. perfringens (Ali ef d. 1991).…”

Section: Isolation Of C Peflringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

DETECTION of ENTEROTOXIGENIC CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS IN GROUND BEEF

Ali

Fung

1992

Rapid Methods Automation Mic

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Clostridium perfringens is widely distributed in foods. This experiment was performed to assess occurrence of C. perfringens cultures and toxigenic strains isolated from ground beef Samples (118) were collected from 20 locations in Northeast Kansas and the number of C. perfringens was enumerated in these samples by Fung's Double‐tube method with tryptose sulfite cycloserine agar medium. Out of 118 samples, 54 (46%) were found positive for C. perfringens. Pure isolates of C. perfringens were further grown in cooked meat medium for 24 h at 42C then heat shocked at 75C for 20 min and inoculated into modified Duncan and Strong medium for production of C. perfringens enterotoxin. Presence of enterotoxin was tested by the reverse passive latex agglutination test (Oxoid), which can detect enterotoxin up to a minimum level of 2 ng/mL. the data indicate that 46% of the beef samples harbored C. perfringens, but only 32 (6%) of 525 isolates were found to produce enterotoxin. This study emphasized the importance of continued surveillance of C. perfringens in meats and meat products and assessment of the toxigenesis of isolates.

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Evaluation and Modifications of Media for Enumeration of Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 56 publications

References 8 publications

A Study of Rapid and Simplified Confirmatory Tests for Clostridium perfringens

A Study of Rapid and Simplified Confirmatory Tests for Clostridium perfringens

Evaluation of an alternative method for the enumeration and confirmation of Clostridium perfringens from treated and untreated sewages

DETECTION of ENTEROTOXIGENIC CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS IN GROUND BEEF

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