Evaluation du pouvoir fertilisant de deux fumures organiques (fiente de poulet et tourteaux de coprah) sur les paramètres de croissance du bananier plantain (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) cultivé sur sables quaternaires du littoral ivoirien

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the fertilizing properties of two organic fertilizers (chicken droppings and coprah meal) on the growth parameters of the plantain banana tree (Musa paradisiaca) grown on quaternary sands of the Ivorian coast. Methodology and results: The study was conducted at the Marc Delorme research station of the National Centre for Agronomic Research (CNRA) in southern Côte d'Ivoire on the quaternary sands of the Ivorian coast with the PITA 3 variety of plantain banana tree with chicken droppings and coprah meal. The test was conducted using an experimental device in randomized random blocks with three replicates. Banana tree plants of PITA 3 have been subjected to eight treatments for ten weeks with three chicken dung treatments: T2 (500g/plant), T3 (750g/plant) and T4 (1000g/plant), three coprah meal treatments: T5 (500g/plant), T6 (750g/plant) and T7 (1000g/plant) and a control treatment (without fertilizers). Observations included collar circumference, banana plant size, leaf surface and mean number of live leaves. The results obtained showed that on the quaternary sands of the Ivorian coast, banana plants treated with 750 g/plant of chicken droppings or coprah meal have generated the best growth. However, chicken dung at the 750 g/plant dose yielded the best mean values of plant height (58.24+9.26), collar circumference (17.119 + 2.77), foliar surface (1534.452 cm2) and living leaves (9.16 + 1.46) during the study. Conclusion and application: Soil fertilization in plantain banana cultivation can be adequately ensured in coastal sandy soils by fertilization based on chicken droppings that are relatively accessible to producers with generally very low economic incomes, at a dose of 750 g/plant to ensure the proper growth of plants for a successful, sustainable plantain cultivation that respects the environment. However, in the absence of chicken droppings, the coprah meal also at the dose of 750 g/plant, could be an alternative for fertilization of soils in plantain banana tree culture on the quaternary sands of the Ivorian coast.